Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40047861›Full record

ArticleArchives of toxicology2025

Challenges in laser tattoo removal: the impact of titanium dioxide on photodegradation of yellow inks.

Batool A Aljubran, Kirstin E Ross, Ula Alexander, Claire E Lenehan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of toxicology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Analytical investigation of melanin's impact on the laser fragmentation and morphology of yellow tattoo pigments.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Batool A AljubranCollege of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Sturt Rd, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia.ORCID 0009-0007-3177-4665
Kirstin E RossCollege of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Sturt Rd, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5677-9576
Ula AlexanderCollege of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Sturt Rd, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0864-1289
Claire E LenehanCollege of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Sturt Rd, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia. claire.lenehan@flinders.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0003-3936-8569

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As tattoos have grown increasingly popular, there has been an increase in their removal. This is commonly achieved using laser treatments. However, certain tattoo inks are resistant to removal using laser methods because of their composition. This includes the removal of yellow pigments and tattoo inks containing titanium dioxide (TiO

Indexed as

Coloring AgentsInkLasers, Solid-StatePhotolysisTattooingTitaniumGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryHumansLasersParticle SizeTattoo RemovalColoring AgentsTitaniumtitanium dioxideLaser tattoo removalPigment yellowTattoo inkTitanium dioxide

Identifiers

PMID40047861
PMCPMC11968486

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.