ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2025
Vitamin D status in children with COVID-19: does it affect the development of long COVID and its symptoms?
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Chronic cholecalciferol supplementation and adequate vitamin D status are associated with reduced risk of Long COVID.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Vitamin D in Gut and Systemic Immune Tolerance and in Infections' Risk: An International Evidence-Based Consensus Statement.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Serum IL-6 and IL-18 responses in COVID-19 in children: the role of vitamin D status in a cohort from Azerbaijan.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- A Predictive Model for the Development of Long COVID in Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and duration of clinical symptoms of pediatric long COVID: findings from a one-year prospective study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Long COVID is characterized by diverse symptoms persisting after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Given the immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties of vitamin D, understanding its role in long COVID symptoms is of growing interest. This study aimed to determine vitamin D status in children with COVID-19 and assess its impact on the clinical course of disease and long COVID development. Methods: A prospective cohort study included hospitalized children with confirmed COVID-19, aged 1 month to 18 years, diagnosed between September 2022 and March 2024. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were measured upon hospital admission, and follow-up was done to identify long COVID symptoms. Results: In total, 162 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were examined. Vitamin D deficiency was determined in 8.0%, insufficiency in 25.3%, and optimal levels in 66.7% of children with COVID-19. Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency was observed in 73% of children over 6 years and 21.6% of children under 6 years of age. Comorbid conditions were 1.4 times more frequent in children with vitamin D insufficiency, with undernutrition and obesity playing the most significant roles ( Conclusion: The 25(OH)D concentrations in children with COVID-19 depended on their age. Comorbid conditions affect the vitamin D status in children with COVID-19. Vitamin D influenced the COVID-19 severity and duration of hospitalization. There was an increased risk of developing long COVID in children with vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency, and its impact on the development of neurological symptoms associated with long COVID was established.
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