ArticleFrontiers in public health2025
Exposure to non-endemic arboviruses (alphaviruses) in Costa Rica assessed from human samples collected in areas with contrasting levels of dengue endemicity.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Forgotten in the tropics: research on Culex mosquitoes is overshadowed in malaria and dengue-endemic regions.Parasites & vectors · 2026Pooled it
- Detection and phylogenetic characterization of Jingmen tick virus inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Rural dengue dynamics: the interplay of climate, built environment, and agriculture in Costa Rica.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Arboviruses represent a global public health challenge. The lack of diagnostic protocols and the presence of asymptomatic infections complicate confirmatory diagnostics. Alphaviruses, such as the equine encephalitis viruses, can cause severe outbreaks and are usually misdiagnosed as dengue. Thus, evidence for their circulation was assessed here. Plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) was used to compare sera collected during 2022-2023 from an area with high dengue endemicity (Hone Creek) with another with low endemicity (Great Metropolitan Area, GMA) to elucidate the putative alphavirus circulation and determine whether there were differences between the two areas. The screening results of PRNT50% against the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) and the Eastern equine encephalitis virus showed that 20.5% of sera collected from Hone Creek were positive for VEEV, with 15.4% (
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Registered trials
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