Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40045273›Full record

SynthesisBMC cancer2025

The role of temozolomide as adjuvant therapy in glioblastoma management: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Made Agus Mahendra Inggas, Utsav Patel, Jeremiah Hilkiah Wijaya, Nina Otinashvili, Vyshnav Rajagopal Menon, Abhay Krishnan Iyer, Tawfiq Turjman, Surbhi Dadwal, Mari Gadaevi, Azada Ismayilova and 4 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Made Agus Mahendra InggasDepartment of Neurosurgery, Universitias Pelita Harpan, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3218-3150
Utsav PatelDepartment of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-0631-3570
Jeremiah Hilkiah WijayaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Universitias Pelita Harpan, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8771-2163
Nina OtinashviliDepartment of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-2646-5882
Vyshnav Rajagopal MenonWashington university of Health and Science, San Pedro, Belize.
Abhay Krishnan IyerSchool of Psychology, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-4528-6717
Tawfiq TurjmanDepartment of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland- Bahrain School of Medicine, Muharraq, Bahrain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-7337
Surbhi DadwalDepartment of Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Sadarpur, Himachal Pradesh, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-6319-044X
Mari GadaeviDepartment of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-4410-1512
Azada IsmayilovaDepartment of Medicine, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-1238-6537
Shiva Jashwanth GaddamHematology/Oncology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-7502-5597
Prakriti AryaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Doctors Hospital at Renaissance, University of Houston, Mcallen, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6977-7593
Nihar UpadhyayDepartment of Medicine, GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Gotri, Vadodara, India.
Saurabh KatariaDepartment of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Centre at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA. saurabh.kataria27@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8104-3085

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe persistent challenge of temozolomide (TMZ) resistance and the eventual recurrence of tumors underscore the need for ongoing research and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. We aim to consolidate existing evidence related to the safety and efficacy of TMZ as adjuvant therapy to radiotherapy (RT).

methodsVarious electronic platforms were used to conduct a systematic literature review, including PubMed, Europe PMC, SCOPUS, and clinicaltrials.gov. The approach aimed to identify all pertinent studies published up to July 25, 2024. The search incorporated terms such as "glioblastoma," "temozolomide," "monotherapy," and "adjuvant" alongside relevant Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). The key metrics were overall and progression-free survival, while secondary measures concentrated on treatment-related adverse effects, notably hematological issues like anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia.

resultsThe overall effect estimates from the forest plots show significant differences favoring TMZ + RT over RT alone. The HR for overall survival is 0.64 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.71), showing a considerable improvement with TMZ + RT. Progression-free survival shows a HR of 0.51 (95% CI: 0.45, 0.58), also demonstrating a significant benefit for TMZ + RT.

conclusionsCombining TMZ with RT generally leads to better overall and progression-free survival outcomes compared to RT alone. However, the two treatment groups have similar toxicity.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Agents, AlkylatingBrain NeoplasmsGlioblastomaTemozolomideChemotherapy, AdjuvantHumansProgression-Free SurvivalAntineoplastic Agents, AlkylatingTemozolomideGlioblastomaOverall survivalProgression free survivalTemozolomide.

Identifiers

PMID40045273
PMCPMC11881303

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.