Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40044978›Full record

ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2025

Upper Eyelid Blepharoptosis Correction Performed Under the Operating Microscope.

Chin-Ho Wong, Michael Ku Hung Hsieh, Kunihiko Nohira

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Chin-Ho WongW Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, #06 - 28/29, Mount Elizabeth Novena Specialist Center, 38 Irrawaddy Road, Singapore, 329563, Singapore. drwong@waesthetics.com.ORCID 0000-0002-7270-6462
Michael Ku Hung HsiehDepartment of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, KK Women'S and Children'S Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Kunihiko NohiraSoshundo Plastic Surgery, Sapporo, 060-0061, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEyelid blepharoptosis correction is commonly performed with loupe magnification. The posture in which this operation is performed, with cervical spine flexion and forward lean, places significant stress on the cervical spine.

objectivesPerforming upper eyelid surgery under the operating microscope is not commonly practiced. The benefits are significantly better surgeon's posture while operating and potential improved surgical outcomes. These ergonomic and outcome measures were examined in this prospective study.

methodsFrom the June 2023 to June 2024, 86 cases of bilateral ptosis correction were performed (172 eyelids) with the microscope.

resultsThe mean duration of surgery was 115 minutes for bilateral ptosis correction. Our revision rate was 3%. We found the following surgical advantages with this approach: (1) Superior visual clarity with a higher and adjustable magnification and (2) consistent confocal illumination of the operative field, (3) improved precision of dissection, (4) hemostasis and (5) clear distinction of fine anatomical structures crucial to reconstructive success. The postoperative recovery was faster with better functional and cosmetic outcomes as bruising and edema was minimized from less induction of surgical trauma. Importantly as well, for the surgeon, the operating microscope may extend the longevity of one's surgical career. The postural ergonomics and cervical unloading afforded by the operating microscope can mitigate cervical spine stress and injury

conclusionsWe found 2 compelling benefits with this approach. Firstly, the surgical outcomes were superior. Secondly, the surgeon's posture is upright while operating. This long-term benefits of this could not be overstated in preventing cervical spine injuries. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors   www.springer.com/00266 .

Indexed as

BlepharoplastyBlepharoptosisMicroscopyMicrosurgeryAdultAgedEyelidsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOperative TimeProspective StudiesTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultBlepharoptosisCervicalgiaEyelid ptosisLevator palpebrae superiorisMicrosurgeryMusculoskeletal diseaseMusculoskeletal painOccupational health physiciansOccupational injury

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.