Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40044724›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Long term gait postural characteristics of children with general foot pain using smartphone connected wearable sensors.

Zi-Yu Feng, Jian-You Li, Yi-Wen Li, Yi-Wen Wen, Chen-Zhe Gao, Si-Yuan Xie, Ke Zhu, Hua-Jun Wang, Li-Guo Zhu, Min-Shan Feng and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Zi-Yu Feng *Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), No.252 Kenzi Section, Shenshan Road, Pingshan, Shenzhen, 518118, Guangdong, China.
Jian-You Li *Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Zhejiang University Huzhou Hospital, Huzhou, China.
Yi-Wen LiSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
Yi-Wen WenSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
Chen-Zhe GaoSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
Si-Yuan XieSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
Ke ZhuSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
Hua-Jun WangDepartment of Bone and Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Li-Guo ZhuWangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (Key Laboratory of Beijing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Bone Setting), Beijing, China.
Min-Shan FengWangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (Key Laboratory of Beijing of Traditional Chinese Medicine Bone Setting), Beijing, China.
Kai-Rui ZhangDivision of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Xiao-Ling PengBNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, China.
Wei LiDepartment of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), No.252 Kenzi Section, Shenshan Road, Pingshan, Shenzhen, 518118, Guangdong, China.
Yi-Kai LiDepartment of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), No.252 Kenzi Section, Shenshan Road, Pingshan, Shenzhen, 518118, Guangdong, China. ortho@smu.edu.cn.
Fu-Hui LinDepartment of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), No.252 Kenzi Section, Shenshan Road, Pingshan, Shenzhen, 518118, Guangdong, China. 272454884@qq.com.
Chao ChenDepartment of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), No.252 Kenzi Section, Shenshan Road, Pingshan, Shenzhen, 518118, Guangdong, China. chenchao@smu.edu.cn.

Funding

Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province, China 20241199National Natural Science Foundation of China 82072430National Natural Science Foundation of China 82374605Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzen Municipality SZZYSM202108013the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine ZYYCXTD-C-202003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Whether children's general foot pain related to specific foot posture remains unknown. The aim of the study was to determine long-term dynamic foot posture characteristics in children with general foot pain using smartphone-connected wearable sensors. Over a 30-day period, 94 children (37 girls and 57 boys, mean age 9.3 years) completed the study. Children were grouped according to the recent history of foot pain during walking. Static rearfoot alignment was digitally measured. Long-term gait posture was collected using wearable sensors during 10 m of self-selected speed walking per day. There were 81 children in the asymptomatic group and 13 in the foot pain group. Static and gait parameters showed moderate to strong correlations between left and right, but only the left foot parameters showed group differences for foot pain. Increased static rearfoot angle (RA) and decreased coronal movement at toe-off (TOCP) of the left foot were significantly associated with foot pain (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates IMU-based identification of gait characteristics in children with foot pain, revealing associations with increased static rearfoot angle and reduced dynamic propulsion posture at coronal plane. These findings provide a foundation for developing IMU-based algorithms to predict musculoskeletal disorders in children, enabling early detection and intervention strategies.

Indexed as

FootGaitPainPostureSmartphoneWearable Electronic DevicesChildFemaleHumansMaleWalkingGait propulsionInertial measurement unitPediatric foot painRearfoot valgus

Identifiers

PMID40044724
PMCPMC11882998

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.