ReviewScience advances2025
Sex differences in age-associated neurological diseases-A roadmap for reliable and high-yield research.
Review in Science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metabolic Reprogramming of Brain Microglia: Implications for Aging and Aging-Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases.Aging cell · 2026Review
- Sex- and experience-dependent regulation of synaptic protein turnover.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Biological sex differences in neurodegenerative diseases in Africa: a scoping review of evidence and research gaps.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Sex-specific associations between astrocytic reactivity and cognitive decline in unimpaired elderly.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Migraine and menopause as converging factors in brain vulnerability: a hypothesis-driven perspective.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Review
- Dysfunction of the episodic memory network in the Alzheimer's disease cascade.Nature communications · 2026Article
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- Reproductive lifespan and hormonal therapy in relation to later-life neurovascular health: A population-based study of women in the Gothenburg H70-1944 Birth Cohort.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Post-COVID fatigue disproportionately affects women: evidence from the DEFEAT Corona cohort.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Sex and experience dependent regulation of synaptic protein turnover.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Influence of age and sex on presymptomatic phases of neurodegenerative diseases: Focus on multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.Revue neurologique · 2025Review
- Differential Lesion Patterns Associated With Stroke-Induced Apraxia in Women and Men.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Influence of biological sex on neuroinflammatory dynamics in the aging brain.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
- Female gender and quality of life outcomes in myasthenia gravis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Once taken into consideration, sex differences in neurological diseases emerge in abundance: (i) Stroke severity is significantly higher in females than in males, (ii) Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is more pronounced in females, and (iii) conspicuous links with hormonal cycles led to female-specific diagnoses, such as catamenial migraines and epilepsy. While these differences receive increasing attention in isolation, they likely link to similar processes in the brain. Hence, this review aims to present an overview of the influences of sex chromosomes, hormones, and aging on male and female brains across health and disease, with a particular focus on AD and stroke. The focus here on advancements across several fields holds promise to fuel future research and to lead to an enriched understanding of the brain and more effective personalized neurologic care for all.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.