Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40043038›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Screening musicality in children: Development and initial validation of a new tool for rapid assessment of musical profiles.

Verena Buren, Daniel Müllensiefen, Franziska Degé

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Verena BurenDepartment of Music, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt/M, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6995-5575
Daniel MüllensiefenDepartment of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7297-1760
Franziska DegéDepartment of Music, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt/M, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Musical development in childhood follows universal trajectories, such as the acquisition of basic rhythm and pitch recognition, alongside individual differences shaped by environmental, educational, and innate factors. Despite the importance of understanding these aspects for both research and educational purposes, there remains a significant gap in the availability of validated tools that can quickly and comprehensively assess musicality in children. To address this gap, this paper presents a series of studies on the development and validation of the Child Musicality Screening, a standardised instrument for the assessment of musicality in children aged 3 to 10 years. In Study 1, an initial pool of items was compiled and administered to 810 adults (293 English-speaking, 517 German-speaking) who regularly interact with children. Factor analysis was used to reduce the number of items and to identify three key dimensions of child musicality: Enthusiasm and Motivation, Music Perception, and Music Production. In Study 2, confirmatory factor analysis on ratings of parents (n =  305) and educators (n =  250) indicated moderate to high model fit, confirming the factor structure of the questionnaire. Interrater agreement between parents and educators was significant, with moderate agreement on the total scale and subscales. Preliminary evidence of convergent and divergent validity was also obtained. Study 3 further established the convergent and divergent validity, as well as internal reliability and test-retest reliability, of the instrument, using both English (n =  323) and German (n =  384) samples. Overall, the Child Musicality Screening is a newly developed tool for assessing individual musical profiles in children aged 3 to 10 years, with initial evidence supporting its validity and reliability. Available in both English and German, it offers a promising approach for researchers and educators to assess musicality, map developmental trajectories, identify musically gifted children, and enhance targeted music education.

Indexed as

Child DevelopmentMusicAdultChildChild, PreschoolFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansMaleReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID40043038
PMCPMC11882079

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.