SynthesisFrontiers in psychiatry2025
Tourette syndrome and brain stimulation therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence.
Synthesis in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tourette syndrome.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Tics.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Advancing psychiatric care through neuromodulation: From translational research to clinical practice.Dusunen adam : Bakirkoy Ruh ve Sinir Hastaliklari Hastanesi yayin organi · 2026Article
- Deep Brain Stimulation in Treatment-Resistant Psychiatric Disorders: Efficacy, Safety, and Future Directions.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Effectiveness of deep brain stimulation in alleviating treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a systematic review.European journal of translational myology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurological disorder characterized by tics, often associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Severe cases may require interventions such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Methods: A thorough search was performed across PubMed/Medline, Embase, (CENTRAL), and Google Scholar. Studies comparing DBS and rTMS efficacy for TS were included if they reported YGTSS before and after treatment. Two independent reviewers screened the search results, extracted data, and assessed study quality using standardized tools. Results: 22 studies met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 222 participants. Analysis of RCTs investigating post-intervention rTMS vs baseline showed a statistically insignificant decrease in YGTSS (MD = -5.01, 95% CI: [-10.8, 0.79], P= 0.090) but a statistically significant decrease in YBOCS (MD = -6.6; 95% CI: [-11.64, -1.55], P= 0.010). However, post-intervention rTMS in RCT and non-randomized trials vs baseline showed a significant decrease in YGTSS (MD = -11.6; 95% CI: [-18.25, -4.94], P < 0.001) and YBOCS (MD = -7.5; 95% CI: [-11.85, -3.15], P < 0.001). Post-intervention DBS in RCT and non-RCTs vs baseline showed a significant decrease in YGTSS (MD = -18.29; 95% CI: [-24.93, -11.64], P < 0.001) and YBOCS (MD = -4.76; 95% CI: [-7.30, -2.21], P < 0.001). Analysis of RCTs investigating Post-intervention DBS vs baseline showed a significant decrease in YGTSS (MD = -14.71; 95% CI: [-19.78, -9.63], P <0.001) and YBOCS (MD = -5.04; 95% CI: [-8.28, -1.80], P = 0.002). Conclusion: Our analysis revealed both DBS and rTMS improved TS and OCD symptoms, however the effect of rTMS on TS in RCTs was insignificant, suggesting DBS stimulation is more effective. Despite this, clinicians may still opt for rTMS before DBS due to its less invasive nature, the limited number of high-quality RCTs, and the lack of studies directly comparing rTMS and DBS. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023386856, identifier CRD42023386856.
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