ArticlePlastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open2025
Intercostal Nerve Transfer as a Novel Technique for Sensation Preservation in Gender-affirming Subcutaneous Mastectomy.
Article in Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Targeted Nipple-Areola Complex (NAC) Reinnervation (TNR): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chest-wall contouring surgery is an important step in the transitional journey of many transgender individuals who choose to undergo masculinization procedures. Traditional gender-affirming chest surgery does not include reinnervation of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) or the mastectomy skin flaps and risks partial or complete denervation of these areas. Efforts to restore sensation have emerged leading to various sensory nerve transfer techniques including direct neurorrhaphy to the repositioned NAC or to underlying dermatosensory elements. Here, we describe a novel technique in which we perform a nerve transfer from the anterior lateral branch of the fourth intercostal nerve (of the breast parenchyma to be resected) to the anterior lateral branch of the third or second intercostal nerve in the mastectomy skin flap. There has been no increased risk of complications, and results so far are promising. As we continue to collect long-term outcome data, the effectiveness of NAC reinnervation using this technique will be presented in a forthcoming publication.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.