Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40040607›Full record

ArticleThe International journal of health planning and management2025

Long-Term Limiting Illness in the United Kingdom: Before and After the Covid Lockdown.

Vani K Borooah, Colin G Knox

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The International journal of health planning and management, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Vani K BorooahUlster University, Belfast, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-5566
Colin G KnoxUlster University, Belfast, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4635-1204

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to study the evolution of LTLI in the UK between the pre- and post-Covid years of, respectively, 2019 and 2022 paying attention to differences in the propensity to LTLI between different subgroups of the population in each of the two years and then examining whether the propensity to LTLI changed between the years, both in respect of overall change and in respect of the separate population subgroups. This was achieved using UK Labour Force Survey data for 2019 and 2022. In terms of the social gradient to health, persons in the Managerial/Professional classes had a significantly higher PP (predicted probability) of N-LTI (i.e., of not having a long-term illness) than persons either in the Routine non-Manual or Routine Manual classes and also had a significantly lower PP of LTLI-lot (i.e., of having a long-term illness which limited activity by a lot) than persons either in the Intermediate or in the Routine Manual or Routine non-Manual classes. This was true in both 2019 and 2022. In other words, there was significant inequality in the PP of LTLI associated with the occupational classes. In terms of changes in the propensity to LTLI, the PP of having a long-term illness-regardless of whether it was limiting or not - was significantly higher in 2022 than it was in 2019 both for the overall population and for its subgroups.

Indexed as

COVID-19AdultAgedChronic DiseaseFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSARS-CoV-2Surveys and QuestionnairesUnited KingdomYoung AdultCOVIDlabour marketlong‐term limiting illness

Identifiers

PMID40040607
PMCPMC12215603

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.