ArticleBMC health services research2025
Epidemiological disease burden and annual, nationwide health insurance treatment cost of female infertility based on real-world health insurance claims data in Hungary.
Article in BMC health services research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Applications of Exosomes in Female Medicine: A Systematic Review of Molecular Biology, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Exploring the nexus between particulate matter and infertility: Multiple mechanistic insights and potential control strategies.iScience · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInfertility affects more than 50 million couples worldwide, resulting in a significant burden on individuals and society. Its prevalence ranges from 8-12% among developed countries. The growing number of patients poses an increasing challenge to the healthcare system and its funding. Our quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the prevalence and annual nationwide health insurance treatment cost of female infertility in Hungary in 2019.
methodsWe used claims data obtained from the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund Administration (NHFIA). The number of patients, total and age-specific prevalence, annual health insurance expenditure, and the distribution of costs by age group were evaluated. Infertility was determined according to the World Health Organization International Classification of Diseases codes (N.97.0, N97.1, N97.2, N97.3, N97.4, N97.8, and N97.9) and the utilization of each healthcare service type. During the study descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and t-test were used.
resultsIn 2019, the NHIFA spent a total of 7.2 billion HUF (22.2 million EUR) on female infertility treatment in Hungary (33,151 women in outpatient care). The most significant costs were related to inpatient care (4.1 billion HUF, 12.7 million EUR). The highest number of patients and prevalence (650.4 per 100,000 women) were found in outpatient care. In inpatient care, the prevalence is substantially lower (206.7 per 100,000 women). Regardless of its type, female infertility mainly affects patients in the 30-39 years age group (number of patients: 18,156 women). The average annual health insurance expenditure per capita was 1,083 EUR.
conclusionsReproductive health education, prevention, and medical screening play inevitable roles in the early stages of reproductive life to reduce the risk of infertility and decrease treatment costs.
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