Trial reportRMD open2025
Efficacy of upadacitinib in subgroups of patients with axial spondyloarthritis with early versus established disease.
Trial report in RMD open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Upadacitinib in Subjects With Active Ankylosing Spondylitis
A Phase 3 Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Program to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib in Adult Subjects With Axial Spondyloarthritis Followed by a Remission-Withdrawal Period
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of symptom duration on the short- and long-term efficacy of bimekizumab in axial spondyloarthritis: results up to 2 years.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Trial
- In search of a window of opportunity in axial spondyloarthritis: treatment outcomes across different symptom durations.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Article
- Observational
- Defining early axial spondyloarthritis: insights and applications of the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society international consensus.Journal of rheumatic diseases · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesEarly disease activity control with targeted therapies may improve long-term outcomes in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Here, we evaluated the efficacy of upadacitinib in patients with axSpA with shorter versus longer symptom durations.
methodsSELECT-AXIS 1 and 2 studies enrolled patients with radiographic axSpA (r-axSpA) and non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA) naïve to biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD-naïve) and with an intolerance or inadequate response to bDMARD therapy. Patients were stratified by symptom duration (nr-axSpA: early vs established (≤2 vs >2 years=Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) definition) and shorter vs longer (≤5 vs >5 years); r-axSpA: ≤5 vs >5 years). Efficacy endpoints assessed through week 14 included the proportion of patients achieving Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score and ASAS40 responses, among others. Across all endpoints, the efficacy of upadacitinib versus placebo was assessed by relative risk (RR), and the placebo-adjusted effect of upadacitinib between shorter versus longer symptom duration was assessed by the RR ratio.
resultsAt week 14, better responses were observed in patients treated with upadacitinib in all endpoints assessed compared with placebo, regardless of symptom duration. When comparing patients with early/shorter versus established/longer symptom durations, for all measures assessed, no statistically significant differences were observed except for the change from baseline in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in the nr-axSpA group, with a better response in early disease (difference -8.2, 95% CI -14.9 to -1.6).
conclusionRegarding short-term outcomes, both subgroups of patients (shorter axSpA symptom duration (≤2 years) and longer symptom duration (>2 years)) achieved comparable results when treated with upadacitinib. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03178487 (SELECT-AXIS 1) and NCT04169373 (SELECT-AXIS 2).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.