Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40036845›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2025

Protective Effects of Recombinant Zoster Vaccine and Antiviral Therapy Against Cardiovascular Disease Following Herpes Zoster Infection.

Xinyi Xu, Isabel Ray, Emily Tang, Benjamin F Arnold, Nisha R Acharya

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
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  7. Reply to Lai and Liao.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xinyi XuF.I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Isabel RayF.I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Emily TangF.I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4097-0186
Benjamin F ArnoldF.I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6105-7295
Nisha R AcharyaF.I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.

Funding

The Impact of the Herpes Zoster Vaccine on Herpes Zoster OphthalmicusR01EY028739 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI NISHA ACHARYA · 2018 to 2026
$4.5M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY028739
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHerpes zoster (HZ) is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events, but the effect of the recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) on this risk, alone or in combination with antiviral treatment, remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of RZV on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events following HZ infection.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Optum Labs Data Warehouse. Adults aged ≥50 years with HZ diagnosed between 1 January 2018 and 31 March 2023 were included. Participants were categorized by their receipt of RZV and antiviral treatment for HZ. A Cox multivariable proportional hazards model estimated the association with post-HZ cardiovascular events.

resultsAmong 112 637 patients with HZ, 5240 (4.7%) received both RZV and antiviral therapy, 2644 (2.3%) received RZV alone, 80 871 (71.8%) received antiviral therapy alone, and 23 882 (21.2%) received neither. RZV alone reduced the CVD risk by 21% (95% confidence interval, 6%-33%), antiviral therapy alone by 22% (16%-26%), and receipt of both by 39% (28%-47%).

conclusionsThis study underscores the effectiveness of RZV and antiviral therapy in mitigating cardiovascular risks after HZ infection. Having both preventive vaccination and therapeutic antiviral intervention may offer enhanced protection against CVD and death.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsCardiovascular DiseasesHerpes ZosterHerpes Zoster VaccineAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesVaccines, SyntheticAntiviral AgentsHerpes Zoster VaccineVaccines, Syntheticantiviral treatmentcardiovascular diseaseherpes zosterrecombinant zoster vaccineuveitis

Identifiers

PMID40036845
PMCPMC12687863

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.