Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40036763›Full record

ArticleBioinformatics (Oxford, England)2025

ORCO: Ollivier-Ricci Curvature-Omics-an unsupervised method for analyzing robustness in biological systems.

Anish K Simhal, Corey Weistuch, Kevin Murgas, Daniel Grange, Jiening Zhu, Jung Hun Oh, Rena Elkin, Joseph O Deasy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Curvature on Graphs with Negative Edge Weights.IEEE transactions on network science and engineering · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Anish K SimhalDepartment of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-7848-3565
Corey WeistuchDepartment of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States.
Kevin MurgasDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-8634-2893
Daniel GrangeDepartment of Applied Mathematics & Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States.
Jiening ZhuDepartment of Applied Mathematics & Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States.
Jung Hun OhDepartment of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-8791-2755
Rena ElkinDepartment of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States.
Joseph O DeasyDepartment of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States.

Funding

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI SELWYN M VICKERS · 1985 to 2026
$347.4M
Radiation Effect on Immune Cells and the MicrobiomeU54CA274291 · NCI · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI Joseph O Deasy · 2022 to 2026
$9.1M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748NCI NIH HHS U54 CA274291Simons Foundation, and a Breast Cancer Research Foundation BCRF-17-193
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

motivationAlthough recent advanced sequencing technologies have improved the resolution of genomic and proteomic data to better characterize molecular phenotypes, efficient computational tools to analyze and interpret large-scale omic data are still needed.

resultsTo address this, we have developed a network-based bioinformatic tool called Ollivier-Ricci curvature for omics (ORCO). ORCO incorporates omics data and a network describing biological relationships between the genes or proteins and computes Ollivier-Ricci curvature (ORC) values for individual interactions. ORC is an edge-based measure that assesses network robustness. It captures functional cooperation in gene signaling using a consistent information-passing measure, which can help investigators identify therapeutic targets and key regulatory modules in biological systems. ORC has identified novel insights in multiple cancer types using genomic data and in neurodevelopmental disorders using brain imaging data. This tool is applicable to any data that can be represented as a network. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: ORCO is an open-source Python package and is publicly available on GitHub at https://github.com/aksimhal/ORC-Omics.

Indexed as

Computational BiologyGenomicsProteomicsSoftwareAlgorithmsGene Regulatory NetworksHumans

Identifiers

PMID40036763
PMCPMC11893153

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.