SynthesisScandinavian journal of work, environment & health2025
A meta-analysis of unemployment risk factors for middle-aged workers.
Synthesis in Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Risk factors for voluntary early old-age retirement in middle-aged workers: A meta-analysis.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2025Pooled it
- Work-related psychosocial factors and working life expectancy among Finnish public sector employees aged 50 years or older.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify risk factors for unemployment among middle-aged workers.
methodsSearches were carried out in PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar until November 2024, focusing on observational longitudinal studies that involved workers aged 40-64 years. Three reviewers evaluated the quality of the studies. A random-effects meta-analysis was employed, and heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed.
resultsOut of 10 432 reports, 19 longitudinal studies (N=374 585 participants) were included in the review. The meta-analysis identified multiple risk factors associated with unemployment, including suboptimal self-rated general health [hazard ratio (HR) 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21-1.70], mental health conditions [HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.30-1.68, particularly depressive symptoms (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.14-1.76)], low job control (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.17-1.43), and lack of physical activity (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.13-2.15). Additionally, a higher risk of unemployment was observed among individuals with ≤12 years of education (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.00-1.36), those who are unmarried, separated, or widowed (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.14-1.79), and immigrants (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.11-1.44). Age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, musculoskeletal disorders, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, diabetes, neoplasm, and limitations in daily activities did not increase unemployment risk.
conclusionsThis meta-analysis highlights the impact of mental health conditions, low job control, and lack of leisure-time physical activity on unemployment risk among middle-aged workers. Interventions aimed at improving mental health and increasing job control and physical activity could reduce unemployment risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.