Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40036274›Full record

SynthesisPloS one2025

Fetal outcomes and associated factors of antepartum hemorrhage in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Gemeda Wakgari Kitil, Adamu Ambachew Shibabaw, Eyob Getachew, Amlaku Nigusie Yirsaw, Berihun Agegn Mengistie, Gebeyehu Lakew, Gebrehiwot Berie Mekonnen, Solomon Seyife Alemu, Firomsa Bekele, Lema Fikadu Wedajo and 6 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Gemeda Wakgari KitilDepartment of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2147-6434
Adamu Ambachew ShibabawDepartment of Health Informatics, College of Health Science, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia.
Eyob GetachewDepartment of Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Amlaku Nigusie YirsawDepartment of Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Berihun Agegn MengistieDepartment of General Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Gebeyehu LakewDepartment of Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Gebrehiwot Berie MekonnenDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Solomon Seyife AlemuMadda Walabu University, Shashamanne Campus, College of health science, Department of Midwifery, Shashamanne, Ethiopia.
Firomsa BekeleSchool of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Science Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
Lema Fikadu WedajoWallaga University, Institute of Health sciences, Department of Midwifery, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
Addisalem Workie DemsashDebre Berhan University, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Health informatics Department, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
Wubishet GezimuDepartment of Nursing, College of Health Science, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia.
Mohammedamin Hajure JarsoMadda walabu University, Shashemene Campus, Shashamanne, Ethiopia.
Geleta Nenko DubeDepartment of Health Informatics, College of Health Science, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia.
Fikadu Wake ButtaDepartment of Health Informatics, College of Health Science, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia.
Alex Ayenew CherekaDepartment of Health Informatics, College of Health Science, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-0412

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAntepartum hemorrhage (APH) is a significant obstetric complication characterized by bleeding from the genital tract before the onset of labor. It poses serious risks to both maternal and fetal health, with potential outcomes including preterm birth, low birth weight, and increased perinatal mortality. In Ethiopia, where access to comprehensive prenatal care and emergency obstetric services may be limited, the impact of APH on fetal outcomes is a pressing concern. Despite the gravity of this condition, there is a lack of synthesized evidence on its prevalence and the associated risk factors specific to the Ethiopian context. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to consolidate existing research on the fetal outcomes of APH and identify the key factors contributing to its incidence and severity in Ethiopia.

methodsFollowing the PRISMA checklist guidelines, this study concentrated on research undertaken in Ethiopia. Comprehensive searches across multiple databases Google Scholar, Google, Web of Science, and PubMed yielded six pertinent studies. Data were systematically gathered using a structured checklist and analyzed with STATA version 14. The Cochrane Q test and the I² statistic were utilized to assess heterogeneity. Additionally, publication bias was examined using Egger's weighted regression, a funnel plot, and Begg's test.

resultsThis study reviewed 525 research articles that included a total of 22,914 participants. Our meta-analysis revealed that the pooled prevalence of perinatal mortality due to antepartum hemorrhage in Ethiopia is 21.79% (95% CI: 12.32-31.25). Key factors influencing perinatal mortality associated with antepartum hemorrhage included living in rural areas (OR =  1.62, 95% CI: 1.33-1.98), delays in seeking medical care for over 12 hours (OR =  5.43, 95% CI: 1.01-29.14), prematurity (OR =  9.00, 95% CI: 5.39-15.03), and experiencing severe vaginal bleeding prior to arrival at a medical facility (OR =  7.04, 95% CI: 2.14-23.13).

conclusionThe study reveals a high perinatal mortality rate of 21.79% associated with antepartum hemorrhage in Ethiopia. Contributing factors include rural residence, delays in seeking care, prematurity, and severe vaginal bleeding. To reduce mortality, improve rural healthcare, strengthen emergency systems, and enhance prenatal care. Public education on early intervention and specialized care for premature infants are also essential. Collaboration among healthcare providers, government, and NGOs is crucial for effective, sustainable solutions.

Indexed as

Pregnancy OutcomeUterine HemorrhageEthiopiaFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornPerinatal MortalityPregnancyPremature BirthPrenatal CareRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID40036274
PMCPMC11878924

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.