ArticleCureus2025
Randomized Comparative Study Assessing the Efficacy of Intralesional Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) Vaccine and Vitamin D3 in Treating Warts.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Intralesional MMR Vaccine and Vitamin D3 in Managing Nongenital Warts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Pooled it
- A Comparative Prospective Study to Assess Efficacy of Intralesional MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) Vaccine and Intralesional Vitamin D3 in Treatment of Nongenital Warts.Health science reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWarts are benign skin growths caused by variants of human papillomavirus that infect the superficial layers of the skin and penetrate epithelial cells, causing viral multiplication. Warts can be transmitted via skin-to-skin contact and cause significant discomfort and embarrassment. There are multiple treatment options for warts, including topical therapies, cryotherapy, laser vaporization, surgical excision, and oral agents (e.g., zinc, retinoid, levamisole). In recent years, immunotherapy with various antigens has successfully treated multiple lesions by combining a targeted approach with upregulation of the host's immune system. This study explores and compares the efficacy of two immunotherapy options to treat warts: vitamin D3 and the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. METHODOLOGY: A randomized prospective comparative study was conducted to determine the efficacy of intralesional vitamin D3 and MMR vaccine in patients suffering from warts. The study population was categorized into two groups. The patients were divided into two equal groups, Group A (MMR; n=90) and Group B (vitamin D3; n=90), using a computer-generated random number table after applying the allocation concealment method to segregate participants and then allocated into either group using the sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelope (SNOSE) technique. One group received intralesional vitamin D3, and the other received intralesional MMR vaccine. Researchers followed up with patients for three months after completion of their therapy to notice any relapse. The outcomes considered in our study were recovery (complete, partial, and no recovery) and side effects such as pain, burning sensation, and desquamation. The statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22 (Released 2013; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States).
resultsAt the end of the study, out of 150 subjects who reached the end, complete clearance was seen in 42/70 (60%) patients in Group A compared to only 26/80 (32.5%) patients showing clearance in Group B after completing six sessions of therapy in either group. Applying the chi-square test, the p-value comes to be 0.001323, so the result is significant at p<0.05. Hence, the MMR vaccine is better than an intralesional injection of vitamin D3 in treating warts.
conclusionIntralesional MMR vaccine showed a better response than injection of vitamin D3 in treating warts as an immunotherapeutic agent.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.