Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40034578›Full record

ArticlePCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences2025

Development of the Leisure Activity Scale for young adults: Reliability and validity.

Rumiko Kinkawa, Miki Ono, Satoshi Horiuchi, Masayuki Kikkawa, Shunichiro Ito, Akifumi Shimasaki, Yu Tamada, Jiro Masuya, Mina Honyashiki, Takeshi Inoue

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Development of the Leisure Activity Scale for young adults: Reliability and validity.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Rumiko KinkawaDepartment of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan.
Miki OnoDepartment of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-5316-0871
Satoshi HoriuchiDepartment of Social and Clinical Psychology Hijiyama University Hiroshima Japan.
Masayuki KikkawaDepartment of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan.
Shunichiro ItoDepartment of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan.
Akifumi ShimasakiDepartment of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan.
Yu TamadaDepartment of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan.
Jiro MasuyaDepartment of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan.
Mina HonyashikiDepartment of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan.
Takeshi InoueDepartment of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-5248-1289

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aim: Previous studies have documented the beneficial effects of leisure activities on mental health. However, limited methods or scales are available to measure leisure activities for the evaluation of mental health or the intervention of mental disorders, and data on the therapeutic benefits of leisure activities for mental health are scarce. Furthermore, few studies have investigated the effects of leisure activities on the mental health of young individuals. Therefore, we developed the Leisure Activity Scale (LAS; a 7-item, 5-point scale) to assess the leisure activities of young adults, and aimed to confirm its reliability and validity. Methods: This study involved 551 Japanese participants aged 18-25 years and was conducted through an online survey from September to November 2022. Reliability of the LAS was assessed through internal consistency analysis. To determine convergent and discriminant validity, the LAS was compared with various scales measuring psychometric properties, including depression, anxiety, work fatigue recovery, resilience, neuroticism, emotion regulation, well-being, and ill-being. Results: Factor analysis indicated that the 7-item LAS was the most appropriate measure for use in mental health (Cronbach's α coefficient = 0.756). Total LAS7 scores positively correlated with recovery experience, resilience, emotion regulation, and well-being, and negatively correlated with state anxiety. These were all weak correlations, with correlation coefficients of less than 0.3. Total LAS7 scores did not correlate with trait anxiety, neuroticism, or ill-being. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated the reliability of the LAS, but its convergent validity was insufficient. The LAS can comprehensively assess leisure activities, although further improvement regarding its validity is needed.

Indexed as

anxietyleisure activityrecovery experienceresiliencewell‐being

Identifiers

PMID40034578
PMCPMC11875056

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.