ReviewJournal of pain research2025
Efficacy and Safety of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Network Meta-Analysis.
Review in Journal of pain research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy of Plant-Derived Therapies for Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2026Pooled it
- The effect of curcumin capsule on the severity and duration of primary dysmenorrhea among students: A triple-blind randomized controlled trial in the West of Iran.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2025Article
- Immediate analgesic effect of acupuncture for acute primary dysmenorrhea: protocol of a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Ginger Moxibustion Activates TRPV1 to Modulate the Locus Coeruleus-Spinal Cord-Uterus Pathway and Alleviates Primary Dysmenorrhea in Rats.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to explore the impact of Non-pharmacological therapies (NPT) on alleviating primary dysmenorrhea (PD) symptoms and assess the effectiveness differences among various NPT. Methods: We searched seven databases and summarized clinical trials of PD treated with NPT from inception to September 6, 2023. Randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) of PD treated with NPT. The outcomes were the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Cox menstrual symptom scale (CMSS), and response rate. Quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed by RevMan (5.4), Stata (15.0), and WinBUGS (1.4.3). The ranking probabilities for all treatment interventions were performed using the Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking curve (SUCRA). Results: A total of 16 RCTs were finally included, involving 8 kinds of NPT. Results of pairwise meta-analyses: For the VAS score results, moxibustion (SMD: -0.591,95% CI: -0.916, -0.266) was more effective than acupuncture, acupuncture (SMD: -0.948,95% CI: -1.853, -0.044) was more effective than placebo, and yoga (SMD: 2.634,95% CI: -4.28, -0.988) was more effective than the blank control. NMA results: Compared to the blank control, acupuncture (SMD: -4.81; 95% CI: -6.63, -3.00), auricular point therapy (SMD: -4.36; 95% CI: -7.18, -1.60), yoga (SMD: -2.12; 95% CI: -3.13, -1.09), moxibustion (SMD:5.54; 95% CI: 3.33, 7.68), and placebo (SMD: 3.10; 95% CI: 1.03, 5.27) proved to be a superior reduction in VAS. The use of acupressure (SMD: 2.49; 95% CI: 0.03, 5.03), moxibustion (SMD: -2.45; 95% CI: -4.06, -0.71), and acupuncture (SMD: -1.72; 95% CI: -2.75, -0.56) demonstrated a greater decrease in VAS efficacy than placebo. The consolidated ranking outcomes indicate that moxibustion, acupuncture, and auricular acupoint therapy occupy high SUCRA positions across various outcome metrics. Conclusion: Acupuncture, moxibustion and auricular point may be the best treatment for PD. In the future, more trials are needed to obtain higher-quality evidence and the best protocols.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.