Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40032831›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Identification of plasma proteomic markers underlying polygenic risk of type 2 diabetes and related comorbidities.

Douglas P Loesch, Manik Garg, Dorota Matelska, Dimitrios Vitsios, Xiao Jiang, Scott C Ritchie, Benjamin B Sun, Heiko Runz, Christopher D Whelan, Rury R Holman and 11 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Douglas P LoeschCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK. douglas.loesch@astrazeneca.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5716-4557
Manik GargCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0453-2058
Dorota MatelskaCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
Dimitrios VitsiosCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-5445
Xiao JiangCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
Scott C RitchieBritish Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8454-9548
Benjamin B SunTranslational Sciences, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-2281
Heiko RunzTranslational Sciences, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2133-7345
Christopher D WhelanData Science, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Princeton, NJ, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0308-5583
Rury R HolmanDiabetes Trials Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1256-874X
Robert J MentzDivision of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Filipe A MouraThrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stephen D WiviottThrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Marc S SabatineThrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Miriam S UdlerDiabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3824-9162
Ingrid A Gause-NilssonLate-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Slavé PetrovskiCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1527-961X
Jan OscarssonLate-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4573-517X
Abhishek NagCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
Dirk S PaulCentre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK. dirk.paul@astrazeneca.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8230-0116
Michael InouyeBritish Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Funding

Doris Duke Charitable Foundation 2022063NIDDK NIH HHS L30 DK106874
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genomics can provide insight into the etiology of type 2 diabetes and its comorbidities, but assigning functionality to non-coding variants remains challenging. Polygenic scores, which aggregate variant effects, can uncover mechanisms when paired with molecular data. Here, we test polygenic scores for type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic comorbidities for associations with 2,922 circulating proteins in the UK Biobank. The genome-wide type 2 diabetes polygenic score associates with 617 proteins, of which 75% also associate with another cardiometabolic score. Partitioned type 2 diabetes scores, which capture distinct disease biology, associate with 342 proteins (20% unique). In this work, we identify key pathways (e.g., complement cascade), potential therapeutic targets (e.g., FAM3D in type 2 diabetes), and biomarkers of diabetic comorbidities (e.g., EFEMP1 and IGFBP2) through causal inference, pathway enrichment, and Cox regression of clinical trial outcomes. Our results are available via an interactive portal ( https://public.cgr.astrazeneca.com/t2d-pgs/v1/ ).

Indexed as

Blood ProteinsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Multifactorial InheritanceProteomicsAgedBiomarkersComorbidityFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMaleMiddle AgedUnited KingdomBiomarkersBlood Proteins

Identifiers

PMID40032831
PMCPMC11876343

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.