Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40032685›Full record

ArticleArchives of toxicology2025

Click-chemistry-derived oxime library reveals efficient reactivators of nerve agent-inhibited butyrylcholinesterase suitable for pseudo-catalytic bioscavenging.

Tena Čadež, Nikolina Maček Hrvat, Goran Šinko, Jarosław Kalisiak, Zoran Radić, Valery V Fokin, Karl Barry Sharpless, Palmer Taylor, Zrinka Kovarik

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of toxicology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Tena ČadežDivision of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0002-1301-6816
Nikolina Maček HrvatDivision of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0003-1682-8999
Goran ŠinkoDivision of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0002-8265-1901
Jarosław KalisiakSkaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2273-3144
Zoran RadićSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0806-3869
Valery V FokinSkaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7323-2177
Karl Barry SharplessSkaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6051-1599
Palmer TaylorSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3081-131X
Zrinka KovarikDivision of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia. zkovarik@imi.hr.ORCID 0000-0001-9863-886X

Funding

Oxime-Assisted Catalysis of Organophosphates and Reactivation of AChEU01NS058046 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI TAYLOR, PALMER WILLIAM · 2006 to 2011
$4.0M
Hrvatska Zaklada za Znanost IP-2018-01-7683Hrvatska Zaklada za Znanost IP-2022-10-6685NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS058046
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A library of 100 click-chemistry-derived oximes was evaluated as reactivators of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibited by the nerve agents (NAs) sarin, cyclosarin, VX, and tabun. While reactivation efficiency was highly dependent on the structure of both the NA and the oxime, for each NA-BChE conjugate, we identified reactivators more effective than currently approved oximes for NA poisoning. Detailed kinetic analysis indicated that this enhancement results from both improved molecular recognition-specifically, enhanced binding affinity of the phosphylated conjugates for the oximes-and increased maximal reactivation rates. Molecular modeling of oximes in a near-attack conformation within inhibited BChE revealed critical interactions for productive reactivation. Among all tested oximes, 5B [1-hexyl-2-((hydroxyimino)methyl)pyridinium chloride] emerged as a particularly efficient reactivator for BChE phosphorylated with cyclosarin, with the highest observed overall reactivation rate of 34,120 M

Indexed as

ButyrylcholinesteraseChemical Warfare AgentsCholinesterase InhibitorsCholinesterase ReactivatorsNerve AgentsOximesAnimalsClick ChemistryHumansKineticsModels, MolecularOrganophosphatesOrganophosphorus CompoundsOrganothiophosphorus CompoundsSarinButyrylcholinesteraseChemical Warfare AgentsCholinesterase InhibitorsCholinesterase Reactivatorscyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridateNerve AgentsOrganophosphatesOrganophosphorus CompoundsOrganothiophosphorus CompoundsOximesSarintabunVX-agent2-PAMAcetylcholinesteraseAntidotesObidoximeOrganophosphorus compounds

Identifiers

PMID40032685
PMCPMC12085358

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.