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ArticleActa parasitologica2025

Morphological and Chemical Changes in the Trophozoites and Cysts of Acanthamoeba Castellanii Induced by Camellia Sinensis Extracts.

Lenu B Fakae, Jizhou Zhong, Ka Lung Andrew Chan, Subbareddy Mekapothula, Gareth W V Cave, Xing-Quan Zhu, Carl W Stevenson, Hany M Elsheikha

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Article in Acta parasitologica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lenu B FakaeSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK. lenu.fakae@ust.edu.ng.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7011-8379
Jizhou ZhongInstitute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
Ka Lung Andrew ChanInstitute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
Subbareddy MekapothulaSchool of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
Gareth W V CaveSchool of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
Xing-Quan ZhuCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China.
Carl W StevensonSchool of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK.
Hany M ElsheikhaSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK. Hany.Elsheikha@nottingham.ac.uk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAcanthamoeba castellanii is an important opportunistic human protozoal pathogen that can cause both skin, ocular and brain infections. Recent studies have established that brews and solvent extract (SE) of green tea (Camellia sinensis) can inhibit the growth and encystation of A. castellanii. Here we characterized those growth and encystation inhibitions.

methodsHerein, we characterize of the morphological and chemical changes that occur in the trophozoites and the encysting stage of A. castellanii after exposure to C. sinensis SE and brew using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy and fluorescence-based assays.

resultsTEM showed ultrastructural changes in both A. castellanii stages. FTIR microspectroscopy revealed modifications of amide I and II band peaks in the C. sinensis-treated trophozoites, suggesting an inhibition of protein synthesis. Assessment of the nucleus integrity of trophozoites exposed to SE and brew revealed disruption of the nuclear membrane integrity, nuclear fragmentation, and chromatin degradation, and reduction in the quantity of DNA and RNA, indicating trophozoite death. These results are consistent with C. sinensis acting as a membrane-active anti-acanthamoebic, exhibiting amoebicidal activity against growing and encysting A. castellanii. This work underlines the importance of characterizing the effect of C. sinensis constituents, individually or in combinations, to clarify which ones are the primary components responsible for its action and the observed alterations in the structure and function of A. castellanii.

conclusionThese results demonstrated that exposure to C. sinensis SE or brew alters the synthesis of protein, DNA, RNA and disrupts the cell wall integrity.

Indexed as

Acanthamoeba castellaniiCamellia sinensisPlant ExtractsTrophozoitesHumansMicroscopy, Electron, TransmissionSpectroscopy, Fourier Transform InfraredPlant ExtractsAcanthamoeba castellaniiCamellia sinensisFTIR microspectroscopyNuclear integrityNucleic acid

Identifiers

PMID40032667
PMCPMC11876251

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