Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40029457›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology reports2025

Downregulation of SMAD2 and SMAD4 is associated with poor prognosis and shorter survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Jayasree Talukdar, Kangkana Kataki, Bikash Narayan Choudhury, Munindra Narayan Baruah, Mallika Bhattacharyya, Manash Pratim Sarma, Minakshi Bhattacharjee, Partha Pratim Das, Simanta Kalita, Subhash Medhi

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular biology reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jayasree TalukdarDepartment of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India.
Kangkana KatakiDepartment of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India.
Bikash Narayan ChoudhuryDepartment of Gastroentrology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Munindra Narayan BaruahDepartment of Head and Neck Oncology, North East Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Jorabat, Assam, India.
Mallika BhattacharyyaDepartment of Gastroentrology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Manash Pratim SarmaProgram of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Assam Down Town University, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Minakshi BhattacharjeeProgram of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Assam Down Town University, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Partha Pratim DasMultidisciplinary Research Unit, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College and Hospital, Barpeta, Assam, India.
Simanta KalitaDepartment of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India.
Subhash MedhiDepartment of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India. subhashmedhi@gauhati.ac.in.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEsophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) presents a serious global health challenge, ranking among the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 (SMAD2) and SMAD4 play a significant role in various types of cancer.

methodsThis study performed relative mRNA expression level profiling of SMAD2 and SMAD4 using Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in tissue and blood of ESCC patients and analyzed their associations with numerous clinical and lifestyle parameters for evaluating prognostic significance along with survival and hazard outcomes.

resultsSMAD2 and SMAD4 relative expression level showed downregulation in both tissue (85% and 87% respectively) and blood samples (80% and 79% respectively), and a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) between their relative expression level was observed in both tissue and blood levels. Various clinicopathological parameters and food habits revealed significant association (p < 0.05) with SMAD2 and SMAD4 relative expression level. While analyzing survival and hazard in ESCC patients, various parameters revealed significant association (p < 0.05) in univariate model and histopathology grade, node stage, stage of metastasis, betel nut consumption, smoked food consumption and altered SMAD2 and SMAD4 relative expression level in tissue samples revealed significant association (p < 0.05) in the multivariate model, indicating their direct association with ESCC patients' survival and this makes them reliable predictors for ESCC prognosis.

conclusionsThis study's results revealed that downregulation of SMAD2 and SMAD4 is associated with poor prognosis and ESCC progression emphasizing their potential as potent prognostic factors for survival prediction as well as reliable biomarkers for screening.

Indexed as

Esophageal NeoplasmsEsophageal Squamous Cell CarcinomaSmad2 ProteinSmad4 ProteinAdultAgedBiomarkers, TumorCarcinoma, Squamous CellDown-RegulationFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisBiomarkers, TumorSmad2 ProteinSMAD2 protein, humanSmad4 ProteinSMAD4 protein, humanEsophageal squamous cell carcinomaFood habitsSMAD2SMAD4Survival analysis

Identifiers

PMID40029457

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.