ArticleThe Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association2025
The rural disadvantage - prostate cancer outcomes of rural and urban patients over 25 years.
Article in The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mediation analysis of adherence to pelvic floor muscle training and weekly self-monitoring on urinary symptoms in men with localized prostate cancer A secondary analysis of the Prostate Cancer-Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) randomized controlled trial.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2026Article
- Global Perspectives on Urologic Training in Low- and Middle-income Countries.Current urology reports · 2026Review
- Disparities in prostate cancer outcomes between First Nations and Non-First Nations men in Canada-Cohort study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- Cancer Treatment Patterns Among Yukon Residents Referred to British Columbia for Care: A 13-Year Retrospective Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- The rural disadvantage - prostate cancer outcomes of rural and urban patients over 25 years.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025Article
- Evaluating a Prostate Cancer Education and Navigation to Screening Program for Black Men in South Carolina, U.S.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeProstate cancer is a common malignancy among men, with disparities based on the geographic location. This study aims to evaluate long-term trends in prostate cancer outcomes among rural and urban populations within a universal health care system, providing insights into the persistent disparities in cancer-specific mortality despite supposed equal access to medical coverage.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Alberta Cancer Registry (January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2022) and the Alberta Prostate Cancer Research Initiative (APCaRI) (July 1, 2014 to June 7, 2024). There were 45,602,119 person-years from the Alberta Cancer Registry and 8932 men from APCaRI. The exposure was the place of residence, categorized as urban or rural, based on postal codes at the time of diagnosis and death. The primary outcome was prostate cancer-specific mortality.
findingsRural men were diagnosed at an older age (66.7 vs. 68.9, p<0.001) and had higher age-adjusted prostate cancer-specific mortality compared to urban men (52.0 vs. 37.6 deaths per 100,000, p<0.001). Though both groups showed improvements over time, rural areas consistently had higher age-adjusted mortality rates. Despite a 38% relative increase in prostate cancer specific mortality, rural patients had minimal, though statistically significant differences in PSA (9% vs. 11% >20, p = 0.008), stage (40% vs. 46% T2-T4, p<0.001) and Gleason Grade Group (11% vs. 14% ≥4, p<0.001) at diagnosis.
conclusionsThe study reveals that rural men experienced significantly worse prostate cancer outcomes compared to urban men. These findings highlight the need for targeted health care interventions to improve access to care in rural areas.
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