Observational studyPaediatric anaesthesia2025
Safety of Intrathecal Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Spinal Anesthesia in Infants and Children.
Observational study in Paediatric anaesthesia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dexmedetomidine Versus Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Lidocaine Spinal Anesthesia in an Ovine Experimental Model.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Enhancing Caudal Analgesia in Children: A Narrative Review of Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvants.Cureus · 2025Review
- Spinal anesthesia in ASA III and IV physical status pediatric patients: A retrospective review.Saudi journal of anaesthesiaArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPreliminary clinical studies have demonstrated that clonidine is an effective adjuvant to spinal anesthesia in neonates and infants. However, the studies conducted previously have had a limited cohort size of 80-100, potentially limiting an accurate measure of its safety.
methodsThe current study retrospectively examines our 5-6-year experience with clonidine as an adjuvant to spinal anesthesia in a large cohort of neonates and infants.
resultsThe study cohort included 1420 patients ranging in age from newborn to 36 months (median age 7 months). Ninety-five percent of the patients tolerated spinal anesthesia without requiring conversion to general anesthesia, and over 73% of the patients did not require any additional intraoperative sedation. Hypotension (sBP ≤ 60 mmHg) was the most common intraoperative event (17%) with one patient requiring the administration of an anticholinergic agent for bradycardia. No serious intraoperative adverse events were noted. Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) Phase I was bypassed in 75% of cases, and the postoperative admission rate was 7%, with the majority (85%) being planned admissions. Fifty-six patients (4%) returned to the hospital during the first seven postoperative days, primarily for surgical concerns.
conclusionsBased on this retrospective, observational study, clonidine appears to be a safe adjuvant to spinal anesthesia for ambulatory surgical procedures in infants and children. We observed a low incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.