ArticlePublic health in practice (Oxford, England)2025
Allostatic load score and lifestyle factors in the SWAN cohort: A longitudinal analysis.
Article in Public health in practice (Oxford, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Allostatic Load, Multimorbidity, and Overall and Cancer-Specific Survival among Older Adults in the United States.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Objectives: Allostatic load (AL) has been used to assess chronic stress. Previous studies have assessed associations between lifestyle factors and the AL. However, those studies have yet to evaluate associations longitudinally. Thus, the effect of lifestyle factors on the AL changes over time remains to be determined. Study design: A longitudinal analysis was designed. Methods: Our study included 1976 women identified from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) who had completed at least seven waves of measurements since baseline. The Poisson mixed effects model was used to model AL and to assess how lifestyle factors affected AL over time. Results: At baseline, the mean AL score was 2.44 (range 0-11). On average, the AL score increased by 3 % (ORs = 1.03, 95 % CI [1.01, 1.05]) per wave over time. For lifestyle factors, women who smoked cigarettes over time had higher AL than those who never smoked. On the other hand, women who ever drank alcohol at baseline, had leisure physical activity over time, and had at least average sleep quality at baseline, and had lower AL than their counterparts. We also identified a statistically significant interaction between alcohol drinking and time (P < 0.01). Furthermore, we generated a healthy score using the four lifestyle factors above to assess the potential accumulative effect of lifestyle factors on AL. We found that the AL increased by 16 % for each additional unhealthy lifestyle factor (ORs = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.12, 1.2). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that lifestyle factors can influence the increase of AL over time.
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