ArticleCureus2025
Levels of Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D in Benign and Malignant Breast Disease Patients: An Observational Study.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionVitamin D deficiency is the foremost underdiagnosed and under-treated nutritional deficiency in the world. This vitamin deficiency has reached pandemic proportions despite being synthesized in the human body under sun exposure. Vitamin D plays a significant role in the maintenance of reproductive health and physiology in the human body. Its deficiency has been studied extensively in correlation with breast diseases and has been implicated as a risk factor for breast cancer by many. Thus, we undertook this study on patients with benign or malignant breast disease to assess the levels of vitamin D in the blood.
methodsThis prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care center in central India. All adult female patients who were admitted to the Department of Surgery with breast disease from January 2023 to June 2024 were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were women who had taken vitamin D supplementation in the previous two years, those with pre-existing vitamin D deficiency, or those who took therapy for osteopenia or osteoporosis. Patients finally included in the study were tested for serum vitamin D levels, estimated by the chemiluminescence method.
resultsOut of 85 patients with benign or malignant breast diseases, 37 (43.5%) patients had normal vitamin D levels, 34 (40.0%) had vitamin D insufficiency, and 14 (16.5 %) had vitamin D deficiency. Sixty-nine (81.17%) patients had benign breast disease and 16 (18.83%) had breast cancer. As compared with benign breast disease patients, those with malignant breast disease had significantly low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels (p-value <0.001).
conclusionThe significant difference in mean 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels between benign breast disease and breast carcinoma patients favors the recommendation that vitamin D supplementation may eliminate a potential risk factor in breast cancer development, though larger sized studies and randomized trials are needed to establish a definite clinical correlation. While considering vitamin D supplementation, its non-skeletal effects should be taken into account more than the skeletal effects.
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