Cyberbullying in Medical Schools: Prevalence, Self-Esteem Implications, Coping Strategies, and the Role of Social Support.

backgroundCyberbullying has emerged as a pervasive issue, particularly within educational settings, where its effects can be particularly damaging. Among vulnerable populations, medical students face unique pressures that can exacerbate the impact of cyberbullying. Research indicates that cyberbullying can lead to severe psychological consequences, including anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and decreased academic performance. The anonymity and reach of digital platforms can facilitate bullying behaviors, leading to a culture of silence and fear. This study was done to explore the nature and scope of cyberbullying and its impact on self-esteem among medical students. MATERIAL AND

methodsA mixed-method study was carried out among 453 undergraduate medical students at a rural medical college between September 2023 and February 2024. Data were collected using a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire, which included socio-demographic details, the Cyberbullying Aggressor Scale, and Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with 56 students who were selected due to a higher prevalence of cyberbullying and its impact on self-esteem. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns and themes in the qualitative data. Data triangulation was performed to contextualize and explain the quantitative findings through qualitative insights.

resultsAmong 453 participants, 154 (34%) were identified as victims of cyberbullying, while 95 (21%) were found to engage in cyberbullying others (offenders). Of the victims, 92 (59.74%) were males and 62 (40.26%) were females. However, among those who cyberbullied others, 87 (91.57%) were males and 8 (8.42%) were females. Low self-esteem was observed in 135 (29.80%) of students, with approximately 110 (72%) of cyberbullying victims reporting lower self-esteem. The fast-paced nature of online interactions was recognized as a factor that can escalate conflicts. Many students noted that misunderstandings and misinterpretations of messages contribute to the occurrence of cyberbullying. Additionally, academic pressure was cited as a significant cause of harmful online interactions, including harassment related to grades or clinical performance.

conclusionThis study concluded that students who experienced cyberbullying both as victims and offenders exhibited diminished self-esteem. The sociocultural perspective underscored the role of institutional culture and peer dynamics, highlighting the importance of creating a supportive environment that encourages open communication and reduces stigma around seeking help.