Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40025875›Full record

ArticleACS nano2025

Reprogramming the Tolerogenic Immune Response Against Pancreatic Cancer Metastases by Lipid Nanoparticles Delivering a STING Agonist Plus Mutant KRAS mRNA.

Xiao Xu, Xiang Wang, Yu-Pei Liao, Lijia Luo, Andre E Nel

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS nano, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Biomimetic delivery of a STING agonistMaterials today. Bio · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Extracellular cGAMP in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2026
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiao XuDivision of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-0063-3468
Xiang WangDivision of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6647-0684
Yu-Pei LiaoDivision of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-7239-9426
Lijia LuoDivision of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-7125-6562
Andre E NelDivision of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5232-4686

Funding

Women's CancersP30CA016042 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Robert Damoiseaux · 1985 to 2026
$134.5M
Use of a Nano-Enabled Platform for Pancreatic Cancer ImmunotherapyR01CA247666 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI NEL, ANDRE ELIAS, ZINK, JEFFREY I · 2020 to 2024
$2.6M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016042NCI NIH HHS R01 CA247666
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We demonstrate reprogramming of the tolerogenic immune environment in the liver for mounting an effective immune response against often-fatal pancreatic cancer metastases. This was achieved by engineering a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) to deliver mRNA encoding the KRAS G12D neoantigenic epitope along with cGAMP, a dinucleotide agonist of the stimulator of the interferon genes (STING) pathway, capable of activating a type I interferon response. cGAMP/mKRAS/LNP were synthesized by a microfluidics approach involving nanoprecipitation of mRNA and cGAMP by an ionizable lipid, MC3. Controls included nanoparticles delivering individual components or a wild-type RAS sequence. The dual delivery carrier successfully activated the type I interferon pathway

Indexed as

LipidsMembrane ProteinsNanoparticlesPancreatic NeoplasmsProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)RNA, MessengerAnimalsCell Line, TumorHumansLiposomesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMutationNeoplasm MetastasisNucleotides, CyclicSTING Proteincyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphateLipid NanoparticlesLipidsLiposomesMembrane ProteinsNucleotides, CyclicProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)RNA, MessengerSting1 protein, mouseSTING Proteincancer vaccinelipid nanoparticlesliver metastasismRNA deliverypancreatic cancer

Identifiers

PMID40025875
PMCPMC11912578

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.