ArticleBMC veterinary research2025
Preserved bevacizumab (Avastin®) eye drops for application in multidose containers - an in-vitro characterisation.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeMonoclonal antibodies have made an immense contribution to the treatment of various human diseases. We aimed at investigating an affordable treatment option for veterinary patients with corneal neovascularization by adding the preservative benzalkonium chloride (BAC) to bevacizumab (Avastin®) for usage in multidose containers. A comprehensive analytical similarity assessment of preserved and unpreserved bevacizumab after dilution and storage was carried out.
methodsDiluted and preserved bevacizumab was analysed at different time points for a 4-week period and compared with unpreserved bevacizumab at the same concentrations at each time point. Native-PAGE, immunoblotting and HP-SEC were used to observe aggregation and degradation. DLS provided information about particle size and dispersity. Bevacizumab quantified by ELISA was conducted to determine its biological activity. Dose response curves and cell migration assays were performed to detect possible toxic effects and determine biological activity and efficacy of the drug using HUVECs.
resultsNative-PAGE, immunoblotting and HP-SEC analysis did not show any changes or degradation products in the presence of BAC and after storage compared to unpreserved bevacizumab. The overlapping intensity-based particle size distribution obtained from DLS showed similarity in all tested groups and homogeneity was maintained. ELISA accurately detected bevacizumab at different concentrations. HUVECs incubated with preserved or unpreserved bevacizumab showed a comparable effect on cell migration. No decrease in cell viability was detected.
conclusionEquivalence tests demonstrated that bevacizumab is stable after dilution, storage and preservation with BAC. Our study shows that preserved bevacizumab applied in mutidose containers can be considered as a cost-effective alternative to the otherwise single-dose treatments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.