Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40025259›Full record

ReviewProgress in orthodontics2025

Skeletal versus conventional anchorage in dentofacial orthopedics: an international modified Delphi consensus study.

Lorenzo Franchi, Maria Denisa Statie, Tommaso Clauser, Marco Migliorati, Alessandro Ugolini, Rosaria Bucci, Roberto Rongo, Riccardo Nucera, Marco Portelli, James A McNamara and 26 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readReviewConsensus Statement
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Progress in orthodontics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

36 authors.

Lorenzo FranchiDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. lorenzo.franchi@unifi.it.
Maria Denisa StatieDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Tommaso ClauserDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Marco MiglioratiDepartment of Sciences Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Alessandro UgoliniDepartment of Sciences Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Rosaria BucciDepartment of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Roberto RongoDepartment of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Riccardo NuceraDepartment of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Marco PortelliDepartment of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
James A McNamaraDepartment of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Michele NieriDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Sercan AkyalcinDepartment of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, USA.
Fernanda Angelieri, Private practice, Porto Feliz, São Paulo, Brazil.
Daniele CantarellaArizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health, A.T. Still University, Mesa, USA.
Paolo CattaneoMelbourne Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Lucia CevidanesDepartment of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Luca ContardoDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Marie CornelisMelbourne Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Renzo De Gabriele, Private practice, Lecce, Italy.
Carlos Flores MirDivision of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Daniela GaribBauru Dental School, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Giorgio IodiceDepartment of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Antonino Lo GiudiceDepartment of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Luca LombardoPostgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
Björn LudwigSaarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Cesare LuziPrivate practice, Rome, Italy.
Maria Costanza MeazziniSan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan and San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
Peter NganDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA.
Tung NguyenSchool of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
Alexandra PapadopoulouDivision of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Spyridon N PapageorgiouClinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Jae Hyun ParkArizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health, A.T. Still University, Mesa, USA.
Sabine RufDepartment of Orthodontics, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Bernardo SoukiSchool of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Orthodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Benedict WilmesDepartment of Orthodontics, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Heinz Winsauer, Private practice, Bregenz, Austria.

Funding

Quantification of 3D Bony Changes in Temporomandibular Joint OsteoarthritisR01DE024450 · NIDCR · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Lucia H Cevidanes · 2013 to 2026
$5.5M
NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE024450
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo establish consensus of skeletal anchorage versus conventional anchorage in treating: 1. Maxillary transverse deficiency in growing and adult patients, 2. Class II skeletal disharmony due to mandibular retrusion in growing patients, 3. Class III skeletal disharmony in growing patients.

methodsA four-rounds modified Delphi method was conducted. A steering committee performed a literature selection and compiled a list of 33 statements. An international panel of 25 experts in orthodontics agreed to participate. In each round, panelists were asked to rate their level of agreement with each statement using a 5-point Likert scale and provide comments. Statements that reached consensus were either accepted or rephrased. Statements that did not reach consensus were either rephrased, rejected, or split into two statements or merged with another.

resultsAfter the four rounds, 24 statements achieved consensus while 9 were rejected. The distribution of consensus statements was as follows: Maxillary transverse deficiency: 4 statements; Class II skeletal disharmony: 10 statements; Class III skeletal disharmony: 10 statements.

conclusionsThis modified Delphi consensus study aimed to provide guidance for orthodontists in choosing between skeletal and conventional anchorage for various treatment conditions. The study generated 24 consensus statements across three key domains. While the Delphi method provides valuable expert opinions, future studies, including randomized controlled trials, are needed to confirm these findings and address remaining uncertainties. Such efforts will aid in refining orthodontic treatment protocols and enhancing patient outcomes.

Indexed as

Orthodontic Anchorage ProceduresAdultDelphi TechniqueHumansMalocclusion, Angle Class IIMalocclusion, Angle Class IIIRetrognathiaClass III malocclusionClass II malocclusionMaxillary transverse deficiencySkeletal anchorage

Identifiers

PMID40025259
PMCPMC11872959

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.