ArticleScientific reports2025
Effects of crown closure changes in broad-leaved forests on thermal comfort and human responses according to season.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Wearable Sensing for Personal Thermal Comfort in the Built Environment: A Systematic Review of the Gap from Sensing to Actuation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Thermal conditions modulate urban forest therapy outcomes: a meta-analytic review.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of crown closure seasonal changes in broad-leaved forests on the thermal comfort and the human responses. The participants were a total of 146 male and female university students. The participants sat in a chair and rested in forests with a high and low crown closure, and then closed their eyes and rested for 5 min. The thermal comfort (predicted mean vote, predicted percentage of dissatisfaction) and the physiological (forehead temperature, blood pressure, pulse rate, heart rate variability, heart rate) and psychological (thermal sensation vote, comfort sensation vote) responses were measured. The comparisons of thermal comfort and the physiological and psychological responses in forests with high and low crown closure were performed in each season. As a result, forests with high crown closure had higher thermal comfort than forests with low crown closure in summer, fall, and winter, and results related to physiological and psychological responses were more relaxed in all seasons. In conclusion, this study found that forests with high crown closure is more effective to enhance thermal comfort and relax human responses according to season.
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Registered trials
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