Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40024243›Full record

Trial reportPsychotherapy and psychosomatics2025

Effects of Meditation and Yoga on Anxiety, Depression and Chronic Inflammation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Jojo Yan Yan Kwok, Lily Man Lee Chan, Charis Ann Lai, Philip Wing Lok Ho, Zoe Yuen-Kiu Choi, Man Auyeung, Shirley Yin Yu Pang, Edmond Pui Hang Choi, Daniel Yee Tak Fong, Doris Sau Fung Yu and 4 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  8. Lifestyle medicine for neuroprotection: evidence and implementation in Asian contexts.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Jojo Yan Yan KwokSchool of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
Lily Man Lee ChanSchool of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China, cmlily@connect.hku.hk.
Charis Ann LaiSchool of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
Philip Wing Lok HoDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hum, Hong Kong, China.
Zoe Yuen-Kiu ChoiDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hum, Hong Kong, China.
Man AuyeungDepartment of Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong, China.
Shirley Yin Yu PangDepartment of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
Edmond Pui Hang ChoiSchool of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
Daniel Yee Tak FongSchool of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
Doris Sau Fung YuSchool of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
Chia-Chin LinSchool of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
Richard WalkerNorthumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Samuel Yeung Shan WongThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, CUHK Thomas Jing Centre for Mindfulness Research and Training, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
Rainbow Tin Hung HoCenter on Behavioral Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionClinical guidelines recommend a holistic approach to Parkinson's disease (PD) care, yet randomized trials examining mindfulness-based interventions in this context are scarce. This study investigated the effects of two mindfulness practices - meditation and yoga - on biopsychosocial outcomes in PD patients, including anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, motor/nonmotor symptoms, health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL), mindfulness, and stress and inflammation biomarkers, compared to usual care.

methods159 participants with a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic PD and a Hoehn and Yahr stage of 1, 2, and 3, were randomized into meditation (n = 53), yoga (n = 52), and control (n = 54). Meditation and yoga were delivered in 90-min groups for 8 weeks. Primary outcomes included anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes included motor and nonmotor symptoms, HRQOL, mindfulness, and serum levels of interleukin-6, cortisol and TNF-alpha. Assessments were done at baseline (T0), 2 months (T1), and 6 months (T2). Linear mixed models were conducted following intention-to-treat principle.

resultsCompared to control, both meditation, and yoga groups had significant improvements in anxiety symptoms (meditation: mean difference [MD] = -1.36, 95% CI: -2.46 to-0.26; yoga: MD = -1.61, CI: -2.70 to -0.52), motor symptoms (meditation: MD = -5.35, CI: -8.61 to-2.09; yoga: MD = -6.59, CI: -9.82 to-3.36), HRQOL (meditation: MD = -2.01, CI: -3.41 to-0.62; yoga: MD = -1.45, CI: -2.83 to-0.08), and describing skills (meditation: MD = 0.97, CI: 0.04-1.89; yoga: MD = 0.92, CI: 0.01-1.84) at T1, and significant reductions in serum interleukin-6 levels (meditation: MD = -1.14, CI: -2.18 to-0.10; yoga: MD = -1.11, CI: -2.09 to-0.13) at T2. Only meditation significantly reduced depression (MD = -1.44, CI: -2.57 to-0.30) at T1 and sustained the motor and HRQOL improvements at T2.

conclusionMeditation and yoga significantly improved anxiety symptoms, chronic inflammation, motor symptoms, mindfulness-describing facet, and HRQOL in PD patients. Meditation provided additional benefits in reducing depressive symptoms and sustaining motor and HRQOL improvements.

introductionClinical guidelines recommend a holistic approach to Parkinson's disease (PD) care, yet randomized trials examining mindfulness-based interventions in this context are scarce. This study investigated the effects of two mindfulness practices - meditation and yoga - on biopsychosocial outcomes in PD patients, including anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, motor/nonmotor symptoms, health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL), mindfulness, and stress and inflammation biomarkers, compared to usual care.

methods159 participants with a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic PD and a Hoehn and Yahr stage of 1, 2, and 3, were randomized into meditation (n = 53), yoga (n = 52), and control (n = 54). Meditation and yoga were delivered in 90-min groups for 8 weeks. Primary outcomes included anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes included motor and nonmotor symptoms, HRQOL, mindfulness, and serum levels of interleukin-6, cortisol and TNF-alpha. Assessments were done at baseline (T0), 2 months (T1), and 6 months (T2). Linear mixed models were conducted following intention-to-treat principle.

resultsCompared to control, both meditation, and yoga groups had significant improvements in anxiety symptoms (meditation: mean difference [MD] = -1.36, 95% CI: -2.46 to-0.26; yoga: MD = -1.61, CI: -2.70 to -0.52), motor symptoms (meditation: MD = -5.35, CI: -8.61 to-2.09; yoga: MD = -6.59, CI: -9.82 to-3.36), HRQOL (meditation: MD = -2.01, CI: -3.41 to-0.62; yoga: MD = -1.45, CI: -2.83 to-0.08), and describing skills (meditation: MD = 0.97, CI: 0.04-1.89; yoga: MD = 0.92, CI: 0.01-1.84) at T1, and significant reductions in serum interleukin-6 levels (meditation: MD = -1.14, CI: -2.18 to-0.10; yoga: MD = -1.11, CI: -2.09 to-0.13) at T2. Only meditation significantly reduced depression (MD = -1.44, CI: -2.57 to-0.30) at T1 and sustained the motor and HRQOL improvements at T2.

conclusionMeditation and yoga significantly improved anxiety symptoms, chronic inflammation, motor symptoms, mindfulness-describing facet, and HRQOL in PD patients. Meditation provided additional benefits in reducing depressive symptoms and sustaining motor and HRQOL improvements.

Indexed as

AnxietyDepressionInflammationMeditationParkinson DiseaseYogaAgedFemaleHumansHydrocortisoneInterleukin-6MaleMiddle AgedMindfulnessQuality of LifeTreatment OutcomeHydrocortisoneInterleukin-6MeditationMindfulnessParkinson’s diseasePsychological distressYoga

Identifiers

PMID40024243
PMCPMC11965853

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.