ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2025
A 28-Year Multicenter Cohort Study of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lymphadenitis in Children, Spain.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Molecular epidemiology of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in clinical samples from Jiangxi Province, 2021-2023.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections in Children: A Clinical Overview of Diagnosis and Management.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Host susceptibility spectrum and diagnostic challenges in pediatric nontuberculous mycobacterial disease: a case series of five patients with literature review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
27 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
We describe the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis cases detailed in a 28-year (1996-2023) multicenter cohort from Spain. The case numbers remained stable during the initial prospective phase (2013-2020), but a sharp decline was observed during 2021-2022. Disease onset occurred during spring or June in 45.9% of cases. Mycobacterium avium complex (43.1%) and M. lentiflavum (39.9%) were the most common species detected. M. lentiflavum affected mostly younger children from central Spain. The most common treatment strategy was complete surgical resection with (n = 80) or without (n = 88) antimicrobial drug treatment, followed by antimicrobial drugs alone (n = 76). Facial palsy developed in 10.4% of surgical cases. Adverse events because of antimicrobial drugs were uncommon. New fistula formation during follow-up occurred more in children managed with observation alone than in those treated with antimicrobial drugs alone (relative risk 2.7 [95% CI 1.3-5.3]; p = 0.014).
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