ArticleJournal of health, population, and nutrition2025
Dietary inflammatory index and pre-hypertension among adults in two sub-Saharan African countries.
Article in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundHypertension is increasingly prevalent globally. Pre-hypertension is associated with cardiovascular mortality but often overlooked, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where healthcare resources are limited. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) evaluates the inflammatory potential of dietary patterns, which may influence pre-hypertension risk. This study aims to investigate the relationship between DII and pre-hypertension among adults, highlighting the need for effective dietary interventions.
methodsA muti-center cross sectional study involving 284 adult non-hypertensive patients was conducted in Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Dietary habits were assessed using the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), while pre-hypertension was assessed using auscultatory method with a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope, following recommended guidelines. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression.
resultsOf 279 respondents who completed the study, 56.3% had pre-hypertension while 48.4% had high DII (pro-inflammatory). Prevalence varied across age groups, ethnicities, and study sites. Although, DII did not significantly predict pre-hypertension in this study, underweight (aOR = 0.26, CI = 0.07-0.98, p = 0.047), and younger age (aOR = 0.25, CI = 0.08-0.74, p = 0.013), were independently associated with reduced pre-hypertension risk.
conclusionPre-hypertension is common among adults in Nigeria and DRC. Dietary inflammatory index did not influence pre-hypertension; however, age and BMI are critical factors that influence the risk of pre-hypertension.
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