ArticleJournal of health, population, and nutrition2025
Association between liver fibrosis's noninvasive scores and retinal imaging changes: insights from NHANES.
Article in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Is MASLD an independent risk factor for micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes? A critical reappraisal and future directions.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Explainable retinal deep learning for cardiovascular risk stratification: a multiple modality analysis framework with vascular-centric interpretability and robustness.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- APRI and FIB-4 indices as systemic fibrosis markers in proliferative vitreoretinopathy.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Biliary atresia-related liver fibrosis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
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8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThere is a known association between liver disease and retinopathy. However, the relationship between non-invasive fibrosis scores and retinal image changes remains unknown. The research sought to explore the link between Fibrosis-4 score (FIB-4) and Fibrosis-8 score (FIB-8) and retinal image changes.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included participants with complete information on FIB-4/FIB-8, retinal images and covariates from two cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2005-2008. We converted FIB-4 to the categorical variable according to its correlation with liver fibrosis staging (< 1.3, 1.3-2.67, ≥ 2.67; <1.45, 1.45-3.25, > 3.25). Weighted multifactorial logistic regression was used to assess the association between FIB-4、 FIB-8 and retinal image changes, and Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) and smoothed curve fitting were used to examine the dose-response relationship between FIB-4, FIB-8 and retinal image changes.
resultsThe cross-sectional study included a total of 3399 participants (1715 men; 1684 women) with a mean age of 62.27 (9.49) years. Following comprehensive adjustments, a positive correlation was identified between FIB-4, FIB-8, and retinal image changes. When FIB-4 was converted to a categorical variable, there was a 62% increased risk of retinal image changes in higher FIB-4 group compared to the control group [OR:1.62,95% CI (1.01,2.59)]. Additionally, the relationship between FIB-4 and retinal image changes was found to be non-linear, while the association between FIB-8 and retinal image changes presented a linear pattern. Subgroup analyses and interactions showed that there was a significant interaction between economic situation and educational level and FIB-4, whereas there was no interaction between the variables of interest and FIB-8.
conclusionAmong individuals aged fifty years and older, FIB-4 and FIB-8 are linked to a higher risk of retinal image changes, particularly among those with advanced liver fibrosis. Our findings suggest that patients with severe fibrosis should also be monitored for retinal health.
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