ArticleBMC public health2025
Food insecurity and cardiovascular disease risk factors among U.S. adults.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Association of Food Insecurity and Risk of Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Large-Scale Cohorts.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Associations of food security and food assistance with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among postmenopausal women from the women's health initiative.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2026Article
- Clarifying the Association Between Food Insecurity and Chronic Disease: Why Methods Matter.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MU2 fermentation enhances protein extraction and sensory quality of Chlorella pyrenoidosa.NPJ science of food · 2026Article
- Perceived Inadequate Neighborhood Food Shopping and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Exploring the relationship between food insecurity, exercise addiction, and muscularity-oriented eating behavior: a moderated mediation analysis of muscle dysmorphia and resilience.Journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Determinants of Food Insecurity among United States Cancer Survivors Based on the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2021.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Bayesian multilevel analysis of multimorbidity among women in Somalia: prevalence, patterns, and determinants.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular disease risk in middle-aged and older US adults with obesity according to lifestyle and socioeconomic patterns.JAR life · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFood insecurity is an ongoing public health issue that involves limited or uncertain access to food. National rates of food insecurity among U.S. households have increased from 10.2% (~ 13,500,000 households) in 2021 to 12.8% (~ 17,000,000 households) in 2022 and most recently 13.5% (~ 18,000,000 households) in 2023. Food insecurity is associated with various health conditions and behaviors that raise the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Little is known about whether the associations between food insecurity and CVD risk factors among U.S. adults differ by gender and race/ethnicity.
methodsThe 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset was accessed for a cross-sectional study on the associations between food insecurity and six CVD risk factors among U.S. adults. Food insecurity was measured with the 10-item Adult Food Security Survey Module. General linear models were used to analyze the associations between food insecurity and high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, cigarette smoking, sedentary time, and body mass index (BMI). Moderation analyses examined differences in the association between food insecurity and CVD risk factors by gender and race/ethnicity.
resultsFood insecurity was positively associated with high blood pressure (B = 0.104, p = 0.04), diabetes (B = 0.087, p = 0.006), and cigarette smoking (B = 0.239, p = 0.002); and food insecurity was negatively associated with sedentary time (B=-0.765, p = 0.02). Moderation analyses for gender revealed that women who were food insecure had greater BMI than men who were food insecure (B = 2.284, p = 0.02). Moderation analyses for race/ethnicity determined that, compared to White adults with food insecurity, high blood pressure rates were lower among Asian (B=-0.164, p = 0.04) and Black (B=-0.153, p = 0.04) adults with food insecurity, high cholesterol rates were greater among Latino adults with food insecurity (B = 0.168, p = 0.04), and cigarette smoking rates were lower among Black (B=-0.246, p = 0.03) and Latino (B=-0.380, p = 0.006) adults with food insecurity.
conclusionsThis research produced useful insight into how food insecurity relates to conditions and behaviors that increase CVD risk. Evidence from this study can inform both longitudinal and prevention efforts aimed at investigating food insecurity as both a harmful social determinant of health and a potential predictor of CVD risk among U.S. adults.
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