Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40020666›Full record

ArticleCell2025

The International Space Station has a unique and extreme microbial and chemical environment driven by use patterns.

Rodolfo A Salido, Haoqi Nina Zhao, Daniel McDonald, Helena Mannochio-Russo, Simone Zuffa, Renee E Oles, Allegra T Aron, Yasin El Abiead, Sawyer Farmer, Antonio González and 15 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Rodolfo A SalidoDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Haoqi Nina ZhaoSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Daniel McDonaldDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Helena Mannochio-RussoSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Simone ZuffaSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Renee E OlesDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Allegra T AronSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA.
Yasin El AbieadSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Sawyer FarmerDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Antonio GonzálezDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Cameron MartinoDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Ipsita MohantySkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Ceth W ParkerBiotechnology and Planetary Protection Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Lucas PatelBioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Paulo Wender Portal GomesSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Robin SchmidSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Tara SchwartzDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Jennifer ZhuSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Michael R BarrattAstronaut Office, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Kathleen H RubinsAstronaut Office, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Hiutung ChuDepartment of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Chiba University-UC San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines (CU-UCSD cMAV), La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Fathi KarouiaBlue Marble Space Institute of Science, Exobiology Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA; Space Research Within Reach, San Francisco, CA, USA; Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Kasthuri VenkateswaranBiotechnology and Planetary Protection Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Pieter C DorresteinSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: pdorrestein@health.ucsd.edu.
Rob KnightDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: rknight@ucsd.edu.

Funding

MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM007198 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI CHI, NEIL C, INSEL, PAUL A · 1985 to 2024
$29.3M
Mapping host-microbe-metabolite interactions in 3D to find diet-derived enhancers of immunityDP1AT010885 · NCCIH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KNIGHT, ROB · 2019 to 2023
$5.5M
Illumina NovaSeq 6000 Sequencing SystemS10OD026929 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI JEPSEN, KRISTEN LYNN · 2019 to 2019
$600k
Cross Repository Metabolomics Data and Workflow IntegrationR03OD034493 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DORRESTEIN, PIETER C, WANG, MINGXUN · 2022 to 2022
$303k
NCCIH NIH HHS DP1 AT010885NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007198NIH HHS R03 OD034493NIH HHS S10 OD026929
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Space habitation provides unique challenges in built environments isolated from Earth. We produced a 3D map of the microbes and metabolites throughout the United States Orbital Segment (USOS) of the International Space Station (ISS) with 803 samples collected during space flight, including controls. We find that the use of each of the nine sampled modules within the ISS strongly drives the microbiology and chemistry of the habitat. Relating the microbiology to other Earth habitats, we find that, as with human microbiota, built environment microbiota also align naturally along an axis of industrialization, with the ISS providing an extreme example of an industrialized environment. We demonstrate the utility of culture-independent sequencing for microbial risk monitoring, especially as the location of sequencing moves to space. The resulting resource of chemistry and microbiology in the space-built environment will guide long-term efforts to maintain human health in space for longer durations.

Indexed as

MicrobiotaSpacecraftSpace FlightBacteriaExtraterrestrial EnvironmentHumansUnited States3D mappingbuilt environmentculture independentextraterrestrial habitatindoor environmentInternational Space Stationmetabolomemetabolomicsmicrobiomesurface swab

Identifiers

PMID40020666
PMCPMC12068931

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.