ArticleCell host & microbe2025
Mitochondria sense bacterial lactate and drive release of neutrophil extracellular traps.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- Folinic Acid Improves Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcers.Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair SocietyTrial
- Pioneering next-generation bioactive materials for endodontics: Insights of mitochondrial biology.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Mitochondria Meet the Lung Microbiome: A Bidirectional Dialogue in Inflammation and Respiratory Diseases.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Lactate metabolism and protein lactylation in inflammatory and tumor microenvironments.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Neutrophil-based immunotherapy: A metabolic lens on mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Review
- TLR7/9 and type I interferon signaling reprogram neutrophil NET responses and impair antibacterial defense in systemic lupus erythematosus.Cell press blue · 2026Article
- Article
- Plasma Metabolomics of Thrombectomy-Treated Patients Highlights Metabolic Pathways Underlying Disease and Recovery.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial Immunometabolism in Sepsis: From Oxidative Stress and mtDAMP Signaling to Biomarker-Guided Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Lactate-Primed NETosis Modulates Hepatic Regeneration During Acute Liver Failure via the TLR9/KLF15/AJUBA Axis.Cell proliferation · 2026Article
- Novel Organelle-Based Intracellular Immunity with Mechanistic and Therapeutic Implications.Barrier immunity · 2026Article
- Carbon metabolism and niche adaptation inmSphere · 2026Review
- Lymphatic Endothelial Cells Regulate Neutrophil Phenotypes and Function in a Microphysiological Model of Infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- The Molecular Network of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Biogenesis, Function, and Therapeutic Implications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Shaping death: how the microbiome regulates tumour cell demise and therapy response.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- Simplified flow cytometric quantification of human neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2026Article
- Methicillin-resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus: tolerance, immune evasion and treatment.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Characterization of pulmonary tuberculosis in high-altitude region using nanopore targeted sequencing.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Lactate attenuates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing intrahepatic inflammation and suppressing hepatocyte-neutrophil interaction via the IL-33/ST2 pathway.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Neutrophils induce oxidative stress, creating a harsh phagosomal environment. However, Staphylococcus aureus can survive these conditions, requiring neutrophils to deploy mechanisms that sense bacterial persistence. We find that staphylococcal lactate is a metabolic danger signal that triggers neutrophil extracellular trap release (NETosis). Neutrophils coordinate mitochondria in proximity to S. aureus-containing phagosomes, allowing transfer of staphylococcal lactate to mitochondria where it is rapidly converted into pyruvate and causes mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, a precursor to NETosis. Similar results were observed in response to phylogenetically distinct bacteria, implicating lactate accumulation as a broad signal triggering NETosis. Furthermore, patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are more susceptible to bacterial infections. We find that SLE neutrophils cannot sense bacterial lactate impairing their capacity to undergo NETosis upon S. aureus infection but initiate aberrant NETosis triggered by apoptotic debris. Thus, neutrophils adapt mitochondria as sensory organelles that detect bacterial metabolic activity and dictate downstream antibacterial processes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.