ArticleCureus2025
Switching Hypnotic Drugs to Remimazolam and Antagonizing With Flumazenil: A Rapid Method for Ending General Anesthesia.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Effects of Low-Dose Remimazolam Adjunct on Propofol-Remifentanil Anaesthesia in Day Case Gynaecological Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- Flumazenil Reversal of Remimazolam Sedation During Posterior Spinal Fusion in Two Adolescents.Journal of medical cases · 2026Article
- Flumazenil reversal of remimazolam-induced sedation: a narrative review of safety, pharmacokinetics, and clinical considerations.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The emergence from general anesthesia is currently difficult to predict and may be accompanied by respiratory complications. Switching all hypnotic drugs to remimazolam at the end of the operation and antagonizing it with flumazenil might lead to a rapid, smooth, and safe patient awakening, potentially increasing operating theater efficiency and reducing costs. In this case series of five patients, anesthesia with a combination of remimazolam, propofol, and sevoflurane was transitioned to remimazolam at 0.9-1.0 mg/kg/h as the sole hypnotic agent near the end of the operation. Subsequently, remimazolam was antagonized with 0.5 mg flumazenil. This approach resulted in a rapid, predictable, and smooth emergence and recovery, free from excitation or hemodynamic and respiratory disturbances. Additionally, postoperative opioid requirements were minimal, and no anti-emetic medication was necessary. The authors conclude that the "switch and antagonize" concept is feasible and promising, warranting further evaluation and refinement in the near future.
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Registered trials
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