ArticleAutism in adulthood2024
Borderline Personality as a Factor in Late, Missed, and Mis-Diagnosis in Autistic Girls and Women: A Conceptual Analysis.
Article in Autism in adulthood, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- 'She's so knowledgeable about autism': autistic women and birthing people's experiences of specialist perinatal mental health teams.BJPsych open · 2026Article
- 'The true me': Unravelling the dual narrative of borderline personality disorder and autistic spectrum disorder.The British journal of clinical psychology · 2026Article
- Overlapping And Differentiating Clinical Features of Autism and Borderline Personality Disorder in Women and People Assigned Female at Birth: A Cross-Sectional Study.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026Article
- Expanding Understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Girls and Women: A New Paradigm.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence, autism care, and health equity: a public health narrative review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Gender differences in autism prevalence: origins of bias and its current scientific relevance.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- A thematic analysis of the views of neurodivergent women with a personality disorder diagnosis on clinical pathways within mental health services.Discover mental health · 2025Article
- Elevated Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Autistic Youth and Adults: A Multinational Study.Autism in adulthood · 2025Article
- Could She Be Autistic? Exploring Gender Differences in Camouflaging and Pragmatics in Autism and Borderline Personality Disorder.Clinical psychology & psychotherapyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Autism without intellectual disability is diagnosed later and with greater difficulty in girls/women relative to boys/men. For autistic girls and women, the journey to an autism diagnosis may include one or more misdiagnoses. Misdiagnosis with borderline personality disorder (BPD) or borderline traits may be particularly common, and characteristics often observed in autistic girls and women may contribute specifically to a risk of misdiagnosis with BPD. This review draws from a burgeoning literature on autism in girls and women to provide a detailed discussion of differential diagnosis of BPD and autism in cisgender girls/women, with a focus on phenotypic traits and/or their presentation that may be more common in autistic girls/women and that may be particularly prone to miscategorization as BPD. Distinctions between autism and BPD are identified, emphasizing the need for scrutiny of an individual's clinical presentation to tease apart differences between the autism and BPD phenotypes. We highlight instances in which similar phenotypic expressions may be driven by differing underlying factors. Implications for the distinction of autism and BPD/borderline traits in informing appropriate therapeutic intervention are discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.