Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40017945›Full record

ArticleBMJ public health2025

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of healthcare workers towards COVID-19 in three states of Nigeria in 2022.

Rita Okonkwo, Olumide Okunoye, Oyewole Oyedele, Martin Edun, Ugochi Ezenwelu, Asmau Aminu-Alhaji, Elima Jedy-Agba, Aondoakura Kombu, Timothy Attah, Jibreel Jumare and 12 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Rita OkonkwoInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.ORCID 0009-0007-4697-5320
Olumide OkunoyeCenters for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Global HIV & Tuberculosis, Abuja, Nigeria.
Oyewole OyedeleInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
Martin EdunInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
Ugochi EzenweluDivision of Global Health Protection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria.
Asmau Aminu-AlhajiDivision of Global Health Protection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria.
Elima Jedy-AgbaInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
Aondoakura KombuInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
Timothy AttahInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.ORCID 0000-0003-2131-6488
Jibreel JumareInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
Nifarta AndrewInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
Kenneth EnweremInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
Sophia OsaweInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.ORCID 0000-0003-1986-3976
Victor EjehInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
Michaela UdiohInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
Okame Okah-AvaeInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
Elonna ObakInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
Olusola Anuoluwapo AkanbiCentre for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria.ORCID 0000-0002-1107-035X
Mary OkoliCentre for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria.
Nnaemeka C IriemenamCenters for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Global HIV & Tuberculosis, Abuja, Nigeria.
Alash'le AbimikuInternational Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
McPaul OkoyeDivision of Global HIV & Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 can directly impact healthcare workers' (HCWs) services and efforts to contain the spread of the disease. This study assessed KAP towards COVID-19 among HCWs (laboratorians, doctors, nurses and pharmacists) in Nigeria from August to December 2022. Method: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 1341 HCWs (laboratorians, doctors, nurses and pharmacists) in 7 healthcare facilities across 3 states in Nigeria. HCWs were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire including sociodemographic and health information, and KAP sections was administered to participants. Using Bloom's cut-off, percentages of correct responses to KAP questions were grouped as either satisfactory (≥80%) or unsatisfactory (<80%). Binary logistic regression was used to determine the association between HCWs' cadre and satisfactory KAP. Results: The proportions of HCW with satisfactory KAP were 64.5%, 51.2% and 5.3%, respectively. Laboratorians had the lowest satisfactory KAP scores (59.4%, 45.9% and 2.0%). There was a weak linear relationship between knowledge and practice (r=0.1, p:0.03), knowledge and attitude (r=0.2, p<0.001), and attitude and practice scores (r=0.20, p<0.001). 6-10 years of practice increased HCWs' odds of satisfactory knowledge (p=0.049). HCWs' cadre was not significantly associated with knowledge and practice towards COVID-19 (P>.05). However, nurses compared to laboratorians had higher odds of satisfactory attitude (p:0.033). Socio-demographic factors associated with satisfactory attitude towards COVID-19 were age group, gender, marital status, vaccination status, and satisfactory knowledge (p<.05). Satisfactory attitude and marital status were associated with satisfactory practice (p<.05). Conclusion: There are gaps in the practice of COVID-19 prevention among HCWs in Nigeria. Additional exploration is needed to understand the challenges of implementing safety protocols across cadres, particularly among laboratorians, to better handle future health emergencies. This study highlights the implementation strategies that include education and training, provision of personal protective equipment and clear guidelines for implementation of infection prevention and control practices.

Indexed as

COVID-19Cross-Sectional StudiesPublic Health

Identifiers

PMID40017945
PMCPMC11816933

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.