ArticleCureus2025
Hilar and Extrahepatic Inflammatory Pseudotumour: A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a benign inflammatory lesion that is exceptionally rare in the biliary tree. Its clinical and radiological presentation mimics neoplastic disease, so diagnosis often relies on histology. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment. A case of histologically confirmed IPT in a 52-year-old female, successfully managed with surgical resection, is presented. A systematic literature review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify case reports and case series of IPT involving the extrahepatic bile ducts and liver hilum. Searches of PubMed and Embase (from January 1960 to December 2024) yielded 23 original articles that met inclusion criteria. Data on clinical presentation, management, and outcomes were analyzed. A total of 33 cases of hilar and extrahepatic IPT have been reported in the literature. Obstructive jaundice was the most common presentation (79% n=26/32) accompanied by biochemical elevation of liver function tests (91% n=21/23) and bilirubin (77% n=17/22). Surgical resection was the most common treatment (82% n=27/33) with excellent outcomes and only one case of recurrence. However, the follow-up period was relatively short (median of one year). Of five cases initially treated with steroids, three were successfully managed with steroids alone. The other two cases proceeded to surgical resection due to disease progression. Serum immunoglobulin-G4 was high in successfully managed cases and not reported in failed cases. Hilar and extrahepatic IPT is a rare pathology with a similar presentation to neoplastic disease, which can make diagnosis and management challenging. Surgical resection is the mainstay of management, however, in select cases, preoperative biopsy may help avoid unnecessary surgical intervention. Further studies with extended follow-up are needed to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.