Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40017061›Full record

ArticleInfant mental health journal2025

Validation of the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire in Finnish mothers and fathers of toddlers.

Marjo Flykt, Hannu Haarala, Kirsi Pyhältö, Jaana Minkkinen, Mirjam Kalland

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Infant mental health journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Marjo FlyktDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-4357
Hannu HaaralaFaculty of Education, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Kirsi PyhältöFaculty of Education, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Jaana MinkkinenFaculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
Mirjam KallandFaculty of Education, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Parental reflective functioning (PRF) is important in guiding parenting behavior. It is traditionally measured with interviews that are relatively time-consuming. A self-report measure of PRF, the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ), has been developed but has not yet been extensively validated across different sociocultural contexts. The aim of this study was to examine the factorial structure of the PRFQ in a community-based first-time parent sample in Finland. We further examined the associations between PRFQ scales and parental demographic features, depression, emotional availability (EA) in parent-child relationships, and representations of the child. The sample comprised 355 mothers and 108 fathers and was part of a larger longitudinal study. Data were collected by an online questionnaire at the child age of 2 years. PRF was measured with PRFQ, parental depression with Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression, parent-child interaction quality with Emotional Availability Self-Report, and parental representations of the child with a modified adjective list developed in conjunction with the Interview of Maternal/Paternal Representations. Our results showed that the factor structure of PRFQ was similar to the original sample, and parental demographics, depression, and parenting variables were associated with the PRF scales in an expected manner, supporting the validity of PRFQ across different cultures.

Indexed as

FathersMothersParent-Child RelationsParentingAdultChild, PreschoolDepressionFemaleFinlandHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsSelf ReportSurveys and QuestionnairescrianzacuestionariodepresióndepressionDepressiondépressionelterliche ReflexivfunktionElternschaftFonction de réflexion parentaleFragebogenfuncionamiento con reflexión del progenitorparentageparental reflective functioningparentingquestionnairevalidaciónvalidationValidierungالأداء التأملي للوالدين، الاستبيان، التحقق من الصحة، الاكتئاب، التربية الوالدية父母反思功能, 问卷, 验证, 抑郁, 育儿親の内省機能、質問紙、検証、うつ病、子育て

Identifiers

PMID40017061
PMCPMC12420897

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.