Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40016437›Full record

ArticleNPJ digital medicine2025

A hybrid multi model artificial intelligence approach for glaucoma screening using fundus images.

Parmanand Sharma, Naoki Takahashi, Takahiro Ninomiya, Masataka Sato, Takehiro Miya, Satoru Tsuda, Toru Nakazawa

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ digital medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Glaucoma screening in Kazakhstan.Scientific reports · 2025
    Article
  14. Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: opportunities, challenges, and ethical considerations.Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation ophthalmology journal · 2025
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Parmanand SharmaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. sharma.parmanand.c4@tohoku.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6265-3395
Naoki TakahashiDepartment of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Takahiro NinomiyaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Masataka SatoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Takehiro MiyaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Satoru TsudaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Toru NakazawaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. toru.nakazawa.e1@tohoku.ac.jp.

Funding

MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) JPMJCE1303
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness, requires accurate early detection. We present an AI-based Glaucoma Screening (AI-GS) network comprising six lightweight deep learning models (total size: 110 MB) that analyze fundus images to identify early structural signs such as optic disc cupping, hemorrhages, and nerve fiber layer defects. The segmentation of the optic cup and disc closely matches that of expert ophthalmologists. AI-GS achieved a sensitivity of 0.9352 (95% CI 0.9277-0.9435) at 95% specificity. In real-world testing, sensitivity dropped to 0.5652 (95% CI 0.5218-0.6058) at ~0.9376 specificity (95% CI 0.9174-0.9562) for the standalone binary glaucoma classification model, whereas the full AI-GS network maintained higher sensitivity (0.8053, 95% CI 0.7704-0.8382) with good specificity (0.9112, 95% CI 0.8887-0.9356). The sub-models in AI-GS, with enhanced capabilities in detecting early glaucoma-related structural changes, drive these improvements. With low computational demands and tunable detection parameters, AI-GS promises widespread glaucoma screening, portable device integration, and improved understanding of disease progression.

Identifiers

PMID40016437
PMCPMC11868628

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.