Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40016403›Full record

ArticleEJNMMI physics2025

openSSS: an open-source implementation of scatter estimation for 3D TOF-PET.

Rodrigo José Santo, André Salomon, Hugo W A M de Jong, Simon Stute, Thibaut Merlin, Casper Beijst

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in EJNMMI physics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Rodrigo José SantoDepartment of Radiotherapy, Imaging & Oncology Division, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. r.josesanto@umcutrecht.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-6698-3718
André SalomonPhilips Research Europe, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Hugo W A M de JongDepartment of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Simon StuteNuclear Medicine, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.
Thibaut MerlinLaTIM, INSERM, UMR 1101, University of Brest, Brest, France.
Casper BeijstDepartment of Radiotherapy, Imaging & Oncology Division, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Funding

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek 19003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundScatter correction is essential for quantitative and accurate time-of-flight (TOF) PET imaging. It is implemented by an accurate scatter estimation algorithm, to calculate the statistical distribution of scattered photons among the measured coincidences. However, to our knowledge, scatter estimation algorithms that account for TOF and that are compatible with custom geometries are not available in open-source reconstruction libraries, such as CASToR and STIR. To this end, we have developed an open-source implementation of the TOF-aware single-scatter-simulation (SSS) algorithm: openSSS.

resultsopenSSS is validated on NEMA phantoms and patient data, for three PET geometries, compared to Monte-Carlo simulations and two proprietary vendor-specific reconstruction platforms. The reconstructed images have similar contrast recovery and background variability, deviating by up to 3.7%-point on contrast recovery and 1.8 on background variability and looking visually similar.

conclusionWe have developed and validated an open-source scatter estimation library to complement reconstruction frameworks. By enabling vendor-independent clinical-grade reconstructions on custom scanner geometries, openSSS represents a crucial step in transparent research on quantitative PET and novel PET scanner designs.

Indexed as

Open-source softwareQuantitative PETScatter correctionTOF-PET

Identifiers

PMID40016403
PMCPMC11868006

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.