Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40014863›Full record

Observational studyObstetrics and gynecology2025

Prenatal Cannabis Use and Depressive Symptoms.

Taylor L Pitt, Amanda A Allshouse, Pilyoung Kim, Gwen McMillin, Robert M Silver, Judith H Chung, William A Grobman, David M Haas, Brian M Mercer, Samuel Parry and 4 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Obstetrics and gynecology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Taylor L PittUniversity of Utah, Intermountain Healthcare, and Associated Regional and University Pathologists, Inc, Salt Lake City, Utah; the Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado; the Department of Psychology, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; the University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California; The Ohio State University, Columbus, and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana; the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Columbia University, New York City, New York; and East Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.
Amanda A Allshouse
Pilyoung Kim
Gwen McMillin
Robert M Silver
Judith H Chung
William A Grobman
David M Haas
Brian M Mercer
Samuel Parry
Uma M Reddy
George R Saade
Hyagriv N Simhan
Torri D Metz

Funding

Utah Center for Clinical and Translational ScienceUL1TR002538 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI HESS, RACHEL, MAJERSIK, JENNIFER JUHL · 2018 to 2022
$26.0M
Preterm Birth in Nulliparous Women: An Understudied Population at Great RiskU10HD063036 · NICHD · RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE · PI PARKER, CORETTE BREEDEN · 2010 to 2015
$19.5M
Maternal Marijuana Use and Adverse Perinatal OutcomesR01DA049832 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI METZ, TORRI D · 2020 to 2023
$2.5M
Prevention of Preterm Birth in high Risk Nulliparous PatientsU10HD063047 · NICHD · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI WAPNER, RONALD · 2010 to 2014
$1.9M
Preterm Birth in Nulliparous Women: An Understudied Population at Great RiskU10HD063053 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI SILVER, ROBERT M. · 2010 to 2014
$1.7M
Preterm Birth in Nulliparous Women: An Understudied Population at Great Risk U10HD063020 · NICHD · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI GROBMAN, WILLIAM ADAM · 2010 to 2014
$1.6M
Preterm Birth in Nulliparous Women: An Understudied Population at Great RiskU10HD063046 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI WING, DEBORAH A · 2010 to 2014
$1.6M
Preterm Birth in Nulliparous Women: An Understudied Population at Great RiskU10HD063041 · NICHD · MAGEE-WOMEN'S RES INST AND FOUNDATION · PI SIMHAN, HYAGRIV N · 2010 to 2014
$1.5M
Preterm Birth in Nulliparous Women: An Understudied Population at Great RiskU10HD063048 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI PARRY, SAMUEL I. · 2010 to 2014
$1.5M
Dissecting the Genetic Etiology of Preterm Birth in Nulliparous WomenU10HD063037 · NICHD · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI HAAS, DAVID M. · 2010 to 2014
$1.2M
Adverse Outcomes in Nulliparous Pregnancies: The Ohio CollaborativeU10HD063072 · NICHD · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI MERCER, BRIAN M. · 2010 to 2014
$1.2M
Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Utah UL1TR002538NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002538NICHD NIH HHS U10 HD063020NICHD NIH HHS U10 HD063036NICHD NIH HHS U10 HD063037NICHD NIH HHS U10 HD063041NICHD NIH HHS U10 HD063046NICHD NIH HHS U10 HD063047NICHD NIH HHS U10 HD063048NICHD NIH HHS U10 HD063053NICHD NIH HHS U10 HD063072NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA049832NIDA NIH HHS R01DA049832
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate whether cannabis use during pregnancy was associated with depressive symptoms and whether ongoing use beyond the first trimester and higher amounts of cannabis use were associated with increased depressive symptoms.

methodsThis was a secondary analysis of the nuMoM2b (Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers to Be) study with participants enrolled from October 2010 to September 2013 at eight academic centers. Individuals with pregnancy outcome data who completed the EPDS (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) in the first and third trimesters and had available frozen stored urine samples were included. Cannabis exposure was ascertained by urine immunoassay for THC-COOH (11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol); positive results were confirmed with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Cannabis exposure groups for the primary analysis were classified as any exposure (positive urine assay at any of the three time points: 6 0/7-13 6/7 weeks of gestation, 16 0/7-21 6/7 weeks, and 22 0/7-29 6/7 weeks) or no exposure. In a secondary analysis, cannabis exposure was classified as no, only first trimester, or ongoing exposure beyond the first trimester. The primary outcome was depressive symptoms (EPDS score higher than 10) at 22-29 weeks of gestation. The association between cannabis exposure and later depressive symptoms was assessed with multivariable logistic. In an exploratory analysis, first-trimester urine THC-COOH was quantified to determine whether heavier use was associated with greater odds of depressive symptoms later in pregnancy.

resultsOf 10,038 nuMoM2b participants, 8,424 met the inclusion criteria, and 6.4% (n=535) were exposed to cannabis. Of those exposed, 32.1% (n=172) had only first-trimester exposure, and 67.9% (n=363) had ongoing exposure. Any cannabis use was not significantly associated with later depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.3, 95% CI, 0.97-1.6) compared with no exposure. However, ongoing exposure beyond the first trimester was associated with later depressive symptoms (aOR 1.6, 95% CI, 1.2-2.2). Higher levels of urine THC-COOH in the first trimester and across pregnancy were associated with increased odds of subsequent depressive symptoms.

conclusionAny cannabis exposure was not associated with later-pregnancy increased depressive symptoms. However, ongoing use beyond the first trimester and higher levels of cannabis metabolite in first-trimester urine were associated with greater odds of depressive symptoms in later pregnancy. Directionality of this association cannot be determined given the study design.

Indexed as

DepressionMarijuana UsePregnancy ComplicationsAdultDronabinolFemaleHumansPregnancyPregnancy Trimester, FirstYoung AdultDronabinol

Identifiers

PMID40014863
PMCPMC11925678

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.