Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40014514›Full record

ArticlePsychology and aging2025

Can goal reminders reduce the Stroop effect in older adults?

Matthew S Welhaf, Madeline R Valdez, Brooke Charbonneau, Audrey V B Hood, Keith A Hutchison, Julie M Bugg

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Psychology and aging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. The puzzle of profitless pre-cues.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Matthew S WelhafDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University.ORCID 0000-0002-2826-5268
Madeline R ValdezDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University.
Brooke CharbonneauDepartment of Psychology, Montana State University.
Audrey V B HoodDepartment of Psychology, Montana State University.
Keith A HutchisonDepartment of Psychology, Montana State University.
Julie M BuggDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University.

Funding

AGING AND DEVELOPMENTT32AG000030 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI DENISE HEAD, Jeffrey M Zacks · 1985 to 2026
$9.7M
Aging effects on the neural coding of proactive and reactive cognitive control: Administrative SupplementR21AG075590 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BRAVER, TODD S, BUGG, JULIE M · 2022 to 2023
$830k
National Institutes of Health; National Institute on AgingNIA NIH HHS R21 AG075590NIA NIH HHS T32 AG000030US Department of Defense; Office of Naval Research
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Previous research has demonstrated robust age-related differences in the Stroop effect. Such differences are often attributed to deficits in cognitive control processes, such as goal maintenance ability. Previous research in younger adults has reliably demonstrated that the magnitude of the Stroop effect, particularly for those lower in working memory capacity, can be reduced by providing periodic goal reminders. The present study tested if this benefit of goal reminders extends to another group with reduced goal maintenance ability, older adults. Younger (

Indexed as

AgingExecutive FunctionGoalsStroop TestAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsFemaleHumansMaleMemory, Short-TermMiddle AgedReaction TimeYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID40014514
PMCPMC12088903

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.