ArticleJournal of cosmetic dermatology2025
Global Burden of Alopecia Areata and Associated Diseases: A Trend Analysis From 1990 to 2021.
Article in Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Management of Alopecia Areata: An Asia-Pacific Modified Delphi Expert Panel Recommendations.International journal of dermatology · 2026Article
- Global Burden and Future Projections of Alopecia Areata: A Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Baricitinib and Ritlecitinib in Severe Alopecia Areata: A Real-World Monocentric Retrospective Study.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Article
- Assessing Alopecia Areata Management in Poland: Challenges in Medical Practices and Patient Care.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The Association Between Alopecia Areata and Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Large-Scale Population-Based Case-Control Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- Crisaborole as a Potential Treatment for Pediatric Alopecia Areata: A Case Report and Literature Review.Cureus · 2026Article
- Burden, Trends, Associated Diseases and Predictions of Alopecia Areata in China, Japan, South Korea, and Globally: A GBD 2023 Analysis.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- Evidence Synthesis Gone Awry: The Perils of Aggregating Ineffective or Unsafe Doses in Alopecia Areata Reviews.Cureus · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of alopecia areata in adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2021: a trend analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Alopecia Areata and Atopic Dermatitis: Common Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutics.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Global, Regional, and National Burden of Alopecia Areata in Children and Adolescents Aged 0-19 years from 1990 to 2021 and Projection to 2040.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- From mechanisms to therapies: current advances breakthroughs in alopecia areata immunopathology.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Janus kinase inhibitors for alopecia areata: a review of clinical data.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlopecia areata (AA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by non-scarring hair loss, affecting approximately 2% of the global population. Its etiology involves genetic, immunological, and environmental factors, with significant psychological impacts such as anxiety and depression. However, international trends and comorbidity associations remain poorly understood.
aimsThis study aims to analyze global trends in the incidence and prevalence of AA and assess its associations with major comorbidities across different demographic and regional groups. PATIENTS/
methodsUsing data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021, AA incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) from 1990 to 2021 were analyzed by age, sex, geographic region, and socioeconomic indices (SDI and HDI). Temporal trends were evaluated with Pearson's correlation and Joinpoint regression, and comorbidities were assessed against 22 conditions.
resultsFrom 1990 to 2021, global AA incidence increased in absolute terms, though age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) slightly declined. Incidence was highest in North America, Southeast Asia, and Australia, with females and individuals aged 30-34 most affected. Significant associations were found with atopic dermatitis, iron deficiency, and depressive disorders, with regional variations in comorbidity patterns.
conclusionsThis study highlights rising AA cases with stable ASIRs, reflecting improved awareness and reporting. Findings underscore the complex interplay of socioeconomic factors, healthcare access, and AA burden. Further research should investigate mechanisms underlying comorbidities and guide targeted interventions to mitigate the physical and psychological impacts of AA.
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